OASIcs, Volume 7

7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)



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Event

ATMOS 2007, November 15-16, 2007, Sevilla, Spain

Editors

Ravindra K. Ahuja
Christian Liebchen
Juan A. Mesa

Publication Details

  • published at: 2007-11-06
  • Publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
  • ISBN: 978-3-939897-04-0
  • DBLP: db/conf/atmos/atmos2007

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Document
Complete Volume
OASIcs, Volume 7, ATMOS'07, Complete Volume

Authors: Christian Liebchen, Ravindra K. Ahuja, and Juan A. Mesa


Abstract
OASIcs, Volume 7, ATMOS'07, Complete Volume

Cite as

7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2012)


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@Proceedings{liebchen_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007,
  title =	{{OASIcs, Volume 7, ATMOS'07, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2012},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-35695},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007},
  annote =	{Keywords: Analysis of Algorithms and Problem Complexity, Optimization, Graph Theory, Applications}
}
Document
Front Matter
ATMOS 2007 Abstracts Collection -- 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems

Authors: Ravindra K. Ahuja, Christian Liebchen, and Juan A. Mesa


Abstract
Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems, held on November 15 and November 16, 2007 in Sevilla, Spain.

Cite as

7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. i-xi, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{ahuja_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1184,
  author =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  title =	{{ATMOS 2007 Abstracts Collection -- 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{i--xi},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1184},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11840},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1184},
  annote =	{Keywords: Operations research, scheduled transport, railway optimization}
}
Document
ATMOS 2007 Preface -- 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems

Authors: Ravindra K. Ahuja, Christian Liebchen, and Juan A. Mesa


Abstract
Proceedings of the 7thWorkshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems, held on No- vember 15 and November 16, 2007 in Sevilla, Spain.

Cite as

Ravindra K. Ahuja, Christian Liebchen, and Juan A. Mesa. ATMOS 2007 Preface -- 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 1-7, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{ahuja_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1237,
  author =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  title =	{{ATMOS 2007 Preface -- 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{1--7},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1237},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-12373},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1237},
  annote =	{Keywords: Operations research, scheduled transport, railway optimization}
}
Document
01. A new concept of robustness

Authors: Ricardo García, Ángel Marín, Juan A. Mesa, Federico Perea, and Doroteo Verastegui


Abstract
In this paper a new concept of robustness is introduced and the corresponding optimization problem is stated. This new concept is applied to transportation network designs in which the set of scenarios arising from the uncertainty of the parameters follows a probability distribution. The $p$-robustness concept is aimed to problems where the feasibility of the solutions is not affected by the uncertainty of the parameters. In order to compare the solution with those of other already known concepts of robustness, some computational experiments with real data are included.

Cite as

Ricardo García, Ángel Marín, Juan A. Mesa, Federico Perea, and Doroteo Verastegui. 01. A new concept of robustness. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 1-14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{garcia_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1177,
  author =	{Garc{\'\i}a, Ricardo and Mar{\'\i}n, \'{A}ngel and Mesa, Juan A. and Perea, Federico and Verastegui, Doroteo},
  title =	{{01. A new concept of robustness}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{1--14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1177},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11779},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1177},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
02. Applied Railway Optimization in Production Planning at DSB S-tog - tasks, tools and challenges

Authors: Jens Clausen


Abstract
Efficient public transportation is becoming increasingly vital for modern capitals. DSB S-tog a/s is the major supplier of rail traffic on the infrastructure of the city-rail network in Copenhagen. S-tog has experienced a demand for increasing volume and quality of the transportation offered to the customers, and has concurrently been met with demands for higher efficiency in the daily operation. The plans of timetable, rolling stock and crew must hence allow for a high level of customer service, be efficient, and be robust against disturbances of operations. It is a highly non-trivial task to meet these conflicting goals. S-tog has therefore on the strategic level decided to use software with optimization capabilities in the planning processes. We describe the current status for each activity using optimization or simulation as a tool: Timetable evaluation, rolling stock planning, and crew scheduling. In addition we describe on-going efforts in using mathematical models in activities such as timetable design and work-force planning. We also identify some organizatorial key factors, which have paved the way for extended use of optimization methods in railway production planning.

Cite as

Jens Clausen. 02. Applied Railway Optimization in Production Planning at DSB S-tog - tasks, tools and challenges. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 15-29, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{clausen:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1181,
  author =	{Clausen, Jens},
  title =	{{02. Applied Railway Optimization in Production Planning at DSB S-tog - tasks, tools and challenges}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{15--29},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1181},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11819},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1181},
  annote =	{Keywords: Operations research, urban railways, timetabling, crew, disruption management}
}
Document
03. Disruption Management in PassengerTransportation - from Air to Tracks

Authors: Jens Clausen


Abstract
Over the last 10 years there has been a tremendous growth in air transportation of passengers. Both airports and airspace are close to saturation with respect to capacity, leading to delays caused by disruptions. At the same time the amount of vehicular traffic around and in all larger cities of the world has show a dramatic increase as well. Public transportation by e.g. rail has come into focus, and hence also the service level provided by suppliers ad public transportation. These transportation systems are likewise very vulnerable to disruptions. In the airline industry there is a long tradition for using advanced mathematical models as the basis for planning of resources as aircraft and crew. These methods are now also coming to use in the process of handling disruptions, and robustness of plans has received much interest. Commercial IT-systems supplying decision support for recovery of disrupted operations are becoming available. The use of advanced planning and recovery methods in the railway industry currently gains momentum. The current paper gives a short overview over the methods used for planning and disruption management in the airline industry. The situation regarding railway optimization is then described and discussed. The issue of robustness of timetables and plans for rolling stock and crew is also addressed.

Cite as

Jens Clausen. 03. Disruption Management in PassengerTransportation - from Air to Tracks. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 30-47, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{clausen:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1183,
  author =	{Clausen, Jens},
  title =	{{03. Disruption Management in PassengerTransportation - from Air to Tracks}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{30--47},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1183},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11836},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1183},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
04. Solution of the Train Platforming Problem

Authors: Alberto Caprara, Laura Galli, and Paolo Toth


Abstract
In this paper we study a general formulation of the train platforming problem, which contains as special cases all the versions previously considered in the literature as well as a case study from the Italian Infrastructure manager that we addressed. In particular, motivated by our case study, we consider a general quadratic objective function, and propose a new way to linearize it by using a small number of new variables along with a set of constraints that can be separated efficiently by solving an appropriate linear program. The resulting integer linear programming formulation has a continuous relaxation that leads to strong bounds on the optimal value. For the instances in our case study, we show that a simple diving heuristic based on this relaxation produces solutions that are much better than those produced by a simple heuristic currently in use, and that often turn out to be (nearly-) optimal.

Cite as

Alberto Caprara, Laura Galli, and Paolo Toth. 04. Solution of the Train Platforming Problem. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 49-61, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{caprara_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1174,
  author =	{Caprara, Alberto and Galli, Laura and Toth, Paolo},
  title =	{{04. Solution of the Train Platforming Problem}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{49--61},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1174},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11741},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1174},
  annote =	{Keywords: Train Platforming, Train Routing, Branch-and-Cut-and-Price, Quadratic Objective Function, Linearization}
}
Document
05. Models for Railway Track Allocation

Authors: Ralf Borndörfer and Thomas Schlechte


Abstract
The optimal track allocation problem (OPTRA) is to find, in a given railway network, a conflict free set of train routes of maximum value. We study two types of integer programming formulations for this problem: a standard formulation that models block conflicts in terms of packing constraints, and a novel formulation of the `extended' type that is based on additional `configuration' variables. The packing constraints in the standard formulation stem from an interval graph and can therefore be separated in polynomial time. It follows that the LP-relaxation of a strong version of this model, including all clique inequalities from block conflicts, can be solved in polynomial time. We prove that the LP-relaxation of the extended formulation can also be solved in polynomial time, and that it produces the same LP-bound. Albeit the two formulations are in this sense equivalent, the extended formulation has advantages from a computational point of view. It features a constant number of rows and is amenable to standard column generation techniques. Results of an empirical model comparison on mesoscopic data for the Hanover-Fulda-Kassel region of the German long distance railway network are reported.

Cite as

Ralf Borndörfer and Thomas Schlechte. 05. Models for Railway Track Allocation. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 62-78, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{borndorfer_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1170,
  author =	{Bornd\"{o}rfer, Ralf and Schlechte, Thomas},
  title =	{{05. Models for Railway Track Allocation}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{62--78},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1170},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11701},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1170},
  annote =	{Keywords: Track allocation, train timetabling,integer programming, column generation}
}
Document
06. Solving a Real-World Train Unit Assignment Problem

Authors: Valentina Cacchiani, Alberto Caprara, and Paolo Toth


Abstract
INVALID Windows-1252: We face a real-world train unit assignment problem for an operator running trains in a regional area. Given a set of timetabled train trips, each with a required number of passenger seats, and a set of train units, each with a given number of available seats, the problem calls for an assignment of the train units to trips, possibly combining more than one train unit for a given trip, that fulfills the seat requests. With respect to analogous case studies previously faced in the literature, ours is characterized by the fairly large number of distinct train unit types available (in addition to the fairly large number of trips to be covered). As a result, although there is a wide margin of improvement over the solution used by the practitioners (as our results show), even only finding a solution of the same value is challenging in practice. We present a successful approach, based on an ILP formulation in which the seat requirement constraints are stated in a “strong” form, derived from the description of the convex hull of the variant of the knapsack polytope arising when the sum of the variables is restricted not to exceed two, illustrating computational results on our case study.

Cite as

Valentina Cacchiani, Alberto Caprara, and Paolo Toth. 06. Solving a Real-World Train Unit Assignment Problem. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 79-95, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{cacchiani_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1172,
  author =	{Cacchiani, Valentina and Caprara, Alberto and Toth, Paolo},
  title =	{{06. Solving a Real-World Train Unit Assignment Problem}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{79--95},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1172},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11726},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1172},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
07. Solving Large Scale Crew Scheduling Problems by using Iterative Partitioning

Authors: Erwin Abbink, Joel Van't Wout, and Dennis Huisman


Abstract
This paper deals with large-scale crew scheduling problems arising at the Dutch railway operator, Netherlands Railways (NS). We discuss several methods to partition large instances into several smaller ones. These smaller instances are then solved with the commercially available crew scheduling algorithm TURNI. In this paper, we compare several partitioning methods with each other. Moreover, we report some results where we applied different partitioning methods after each other. With this approach, we were able to cut crew costs with 2\% (about 6 million euro per year).

Cite as

Erwin Abbink, Joel Van't Wout, and Dennis Huisman. 07. Solving Large Scale Crew Scheduling Problems by using Iterative Partitioning. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 96-106, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{abbink_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1168,
  author =	{Abbink, Erwin and Van't Wout, Joel and Huisman, Dennis},
  title =	{{07. Solving Large Scale Crew Scheduling Problems by using Iterative Partitioning}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{96--106},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1168},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11686},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1168},
  annote =	{Keywords: Crew scheduling, large-scale optimization, partitioning}
}
Document
08. Branching Strategies to Improve Regularity of Crew Schedules in Ex-Urban Public Transit

Authors: Ingmar Steinzen, Leena Suhl, and Natalia Kliewer


Abstract
We discuss timetables in ex-urban bus traffic that consist of many trips serviced every day together with some exceptions that do not repeat daily. Traditional optimization methods for vehicle and crew scheduling in such cases usually produce schedules that contain irregularities which are not desirable especially from the point of view of the bus drivers. We propose a solution method which improves regularity while partially integrating the vehicle and crew scheduling problems. The approach includes two phases: first we solve the LP relaxation of a set partitioning formulation, using column generation together with Lagrangean relaxation techniques. In a second phase we generate integer solutions using a new combination of local branching and various versions of follow-on branching. Numerical tests with artificial and real instances show that regularity can be improved significantly with no or just a minor increase of costs.

Cite as

Ingmar Steinzen, Leena Suhl, and Natalia Kliewer. 08. Branching Strategies to Improve Regularity of Crew Schedules in Ex-Urban Public Transit. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 107-123, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{steinzen_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1167,
  author =	{Steinzen, Ingmar and Suhl, Leena and Kliewer, Natalia},
  title =	{{08. Branching Strategies to Improve Regularity of Crew Schedules in Ex-Urban Public Transit}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{107--123},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1167},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11674},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1167},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
09. Periodic Railway Timetabling with Event Flexibility

Authors: Gabrio Curzio Caimi, Martin Fuchsberger, Marco Laumanns, and Kaspar Schüpbach


Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of generating conflict-free periodic train schedules for large railway networks. We follow a two level approach, where a simplified track topology is used to obtain a macro level schedule and the detailed topology is considered locally on the micro level. To increase the solution space in the interface of the two levels, we propose an extension of the well-known Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP) such that it allows to generate flexible time slots for the departure and arrival times instead of exact times. This Flexible Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (FPESP) formulation considerably increases the chance to obtain feasible solutions (exact train routings) subsequently on the micro level, in particular for stations with dense peak traffic. Total trip time and the time slot sizes are used as multiple objectives and weighted and/or constrained to allocate the flexibility where it is most useful. Tests on an instance of the 2007 service intention of the Swiss Federal Railways demonstrate the advantage of the FPESP model, while it only moderate increases its solution time in most cases.

Cite as

Gabrio Curzio Caimi, Martin Fuchsberger, Marco Laumanns, and Kaspar Schüpbach. 09. Periodic Railway Timetabling with Event Flexibility. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 124-141, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{caimi_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1173,
  author =	{Caimi, Gabrio Curzio and Fuchsberger, Martin and Laumanns, Marco and Sch\"{u}pbach, Kaspar},
  title =	{{09. Periodic Railway Timetabling with Event Flexibility}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{124--141},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1173},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11735},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1173},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
10. Fast Approaches to Robust Railway Timetabling

Authors: Matteo Fischetti, Arrigo Zanette, and Domenico Salvagnin


Abstract
The Train Timetabling Problem (TTP) consists in finding a train schedule on a railway network that satisfies some operational constraints and maximizes some profit function which counts for the effciency of the infrastructure usage. In practical cases, however, the maximization of the objective function is not enough and one calls for a robust solution that is capable of absorbing as much as possible delays/disturbances on the network. In this paper we propose and analyze computationally four different methods to find robust TTP solutions for the aperiodic (non cyclic) case, that combine Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) and ad-hoc Stochastic Programming/Robust Optimization techniques. We compare computationally the effectiveness and practical applicability of the four techniques under investigation on real-world test cases from the Italian railway company (Trenitalia). The outcome is that two of the proposed techniques are very fast and provide robust solutions of comparable quality with respect to the standard (but very time consuming) Stochastic Programming approach.

Cite as

Matteo Fischetti, Arrigo Zanette, and Domenico Salvagnin. 10. Fast Approaches to Robust Railway Timetabling. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 142-157, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{fischetti_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1176,
  author =	{Fischetti, Matteo and Zanette, Arrigo and Salvagnin, Domenico},
  title =	{{10. Fast Approaches to Robust Railway Timetabling}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{142--157},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1176},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11762},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1176},
  annote =	{Keywords: Train timetabling, Robust Optimization, Stochastic Programming, Computational Experiments}
}
Document
11. Multistage Methods for Freight Train Classification

Authors: Riko Jacob, Peter Marton, Jens Maue, and Marc Nunkesser


Abstract
In this paper we establish a consistent encoding of freight train classification methods. This encoding scheme presents a powerful tool for efficient presentation and analysis of classification methods, which we successfully apply to illustrate the most relevant historic results from a more theoretical point of view. We analyze their performance precisely and develop new classification methods making use of the inherent optimality condition of the encoding. We conclude with deriving optimal algorithms and complexity results for restricted real-world settings.

Cite as

Riko Jacob, Peter Marton, Jens Maue, and Marc Nunkesser. 11. Multistage Methods for Freight Train Classification. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 158-174, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{jacob_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1179,
  author =	{Jacob, Riko and Marton, Peter and Maue, Jens and Nunkesser, Marc},
  title =	{{11. Multistage Methods for Freight Train Classification}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{158--174},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1179},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11798},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1179},
  annote =	{Keywords: Freight trains, sorting algorithms, train classification, shunting, cargo}
}
Document
12. Robust Algorithms and Price of Robustness in Shunting Problems

Authors: Serafino Cicerone, Gianlorenzo D'Angelo, Gabriele Di Stefano, Daniele Frigioni, and Alfredo Navarra


Abstract
In this paper we provide efficient robust algorithms for shunting problems concerning the reordering of train cars over a hump. In particular, we study algorithms able to cope with small disruptions, as temporary and local availability and/or malfunctioning of key resources that can occur and affect planned operations. To this aim, a definition of robust algorithm is provided. Performances of the proposed algorithms are measured by the notion of price of robustness. Various scenarios are considered, and interesting results are presented.

Cite as

Serafino Cicerone, Gianlorenzo D'Angelo, Gabriele Di Stefano, Daniele Frigioni, and Alfredo Navarra. 12. Robust Algorithms and Price of Robustness in Shunting Problems. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 175-190, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{cicerone_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1175,
  author =	{Cicerone, Serafino and D'Angelo, Gianlorenzo and Di Stefano, Gabriele and Frigioni, Daniele and Navarra, Alfredo},
  title =	{{12. Robust Algorithms and Price of Robustness in Shunting Problems}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{175--190},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1175},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11755},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1175},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
13. Approximate dynamic programming for rail operations

Authors: Warren Powell and Belgacem Bouzaiene-Ayari


Abstract
Approximate dynamic programming offers a new modeling and algorithmic strategy for complex problems such as rail operations. Problems in rail operations are often modeled using classical math programming models defined over space-time networks. Even simplified models can be hard to solve, requiring the use of various heuristics. We show how to combine math programming and simulation in an ADP-framework, producing a strategy that looks like simulation using iterative learning. Instead of solving a single, large optimization problem, we solve sequences of smaller ones that can be solved optimally using commercial solvers. We step forward in time using the same flexible logic used in simulation models. We show that we can still obtain near optimal solutions, while modeling operations at a very high level of detail. We describe how to adapt the strategy to the modeling of freight cars and locomotives.

Cite as

Warren Powell and Belgacem Bouzaiene-Ayari. 13. Approximate dynamic programming for rail operations. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 191-208, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{powell_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1180,
  author =	{Powell, Warren and Bouzaiene-Ayari, Belgacem},
  title =	{{13. Approximate dynamic programming for rail operations}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{191--208},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1180},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11804},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1180},
  annote =	{Keywords: }
}
Document
14. Experimental Study on Speed-Up Techniques for Timetable Information Systems

Authors: Reinhard Bauer, Daniel Delling, and Dorothea Wagner


Abstract
During the last years, impressive speed-up techniques for Dijkstra's algorithm have been developed. Unfortunately, recent research mainly focused on road networks. However, fast algorithms are also needed for other applications like timetable information systems. Even worse, the adaption of recently developed techniques to timetable information is often more complicated than expected. In this work, we check whether results from road networks are transferable to timetable information. To this end, we present an extensive experimental study of the most prominent speed-up techniques on different types of inputs. It turns out that recently developed techniques are much slower on graphs derived from timetable information than on road networks. In addition, we gain amazing insights into the behavior of speed-up techniques in general.

Cite as

Reinhard Bauer, Daniel Delling, and Dorothea Wagner. 14. Experimental Study on Speed-Up Techniques for Timetable Information Systems. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 209-225, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{bauer_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1169,
  author =	{Bauer, Reinhard and Delling, Daniel and Wagner, Dorothea},
  title =	{{14. Experimental Study on Speed-Up Techniques for Timetable Information Systems}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{209--225},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1169},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11695},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1169},
  annote =	{Keywords: Speed-up techniques, timetable information, shortest path}
}
Document
15. Maintenance of Multi-level Overlay Graphs for Timetable Queries

Authors: Francesco Bruera, Serafino Cicerone, Gianlorenzo D'Angelo, Gabriele Di Stefano, and Daniele Frigioni


Abstract
In railways systems the timetable is typically represented as a weighted digraph on which itinerary queries are answered by shortest path algorithms, usually running Dijkstra's algorithm. Due to the continuously growing size of real-world graphs, there is a constant need for faster algorithms and many techniques have been devised to heuristically speed up Dijkstra's algorithm. One of these techniques is the multi-level overlay graph, that has been recently introduced and shown to be experimentally efficient, especially when applied to timetable information. In many practical application major disruptions to the normal operation cannot be completely avoided because of the complexity of the underlying systems. Timetable information update after disruptions is considered one of the weakest points in current railway systems, and this determines the need for an effective online redesign and update of the shortest paths information as a consequence of disruptions. In this paper, we make a step forward toward this direction by showing some theoretical properties of multi-level overlay graphs that lead us to the definition of a new data structure for the dynamic maintenance of a multi-level overlay graph of a given graph G while weight decrease or weight increase operations are performed on G. Our solution is theoretically faster than the recomputation from scratch and allows fast queries.

Cite as

Francesco Bruera, Serafino Cicerone, Gianlorenzo D'Angelo, Gabriele Di Stefano, and Daniele Frigioni. 15. Maintenance of Multi-level Overlay Graphs for Timetable Queries. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 226-242, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{bruera_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1171,
  author =	{Bruera, Francesco and Cicerone, Serafino and D'Angelo, Gianlorenzo and Di Stefano, Gabriele and Frigioni, Daniele},
  title =	{{15. Maintenance of Multi-level Overlay Graphs for Timetable Queries}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{226--242},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1171},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11717},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1171},
  annote =	{Keywords: Timetable Queries, Speed-up techniques for shortest paths, Dynamic maintenance of shortest paths}
}
Document
16. Improved Search for Night Train Connections

Authors: Thorsten Gunkel, Matthias Müller-Hannemann, and Mathias Schnee


Abstract
The search for attractive night train connections is fundamentally different from ordinary search: the primary objective of a costumer of a night train is to have a reasonably long sleeping period without interruptions due to train changes. For most passenger it is also undesired to reach the final destination too early in the morning. These objectives are in sharp contrast to standard information systems which focus on minimizing the total travel time. In this paper we present and compare two new approaches to support queries for night train connections. These approaches have been integrated into the Multi-Objective Traffic Information System (MOTIS) which is currently developed by our group. Its purpose is to find all train connections which are attractive from a costumer point of view. With a computational study we demonstrate that our specialized algorithms for night train connections are able to satisfy costumer queries much better than standard methods. This can be achieved with reasonable computational costs: a specialized night train search requires only a few seconds of CPU time.

Cite as

Thorsten Gunkel, Matthias Müller-Hannemann, and Mathias Schnee. 16. Improved Search for Night Train Connections. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 243-258, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{gunkel_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1178,
  author =	{Gunkel, Thorsten and M\"{u}ller-Hannemann, Matthias and Schnee, Mathias},
  title =	{{16. Improved Search for Night Train Connections}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{243--258},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1178},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11781},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1178},
  annote =	{Keywords: Timetable information system, multi-criteria optimization, night trains, computational study}
}
Document
17. A Simulation/Optimization Framework for Locomotive Planning

Authors: Artyom Nahapetyan, Ravindra K. Ahuja, F. Zeynep Sargut, Andy John, and Kamalesh Somani


Abstract
In this paper, we give an overview of the Locomotive Simulater/Optimizer (LSO) decision support system developed by us for railroads. This software is designed to imitate locomotive movement across a rail network, and it simulates all four major components of the system; trains, locomotives, terminals, and shops in an integrated framework. It includes about 20 charts that allow evaluating system performance using standard measures. LSO can be used by locomotive management to per- form "what-if" analysis and evaluate system performance for different input data; it provides a safe environment for experimentation. We have tested the software on real data and output showed that the software closely imitates day-to-day operations. We have also performed differ- ent scenario analysis, and reports illustrate that the software correctly reflects input data changes.

Cite as

Artyom Nahapetyan, Ravindra K. Ahuja, F. Zeynep Sargut, Andy John, and Kamalesh Somani. 17. A Simulation/Optimization Framework for Locomotive Planning. In 7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 7, pp. 259-276, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2007)


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@InProceedings{nahapetyan_et_al:OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1182,
  author =	{Nahapetyan, Artyom and Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Sargut, F. Zeynep and John, Andy and Somani, Kamalesh},
  title =	{{17. A Simulation/Optimization Framework for Locomotive Planning}},
  booktitle =	{7th Workshop on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS'07)},
  pages =	{259--276},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-939897-04-0},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2007},
  volume =	{7},
  editor =	{Ahuja, Ravindra K. and Liebchen, Christian and Mesa, Juan A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1182},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-11820},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ATMOS.2007.1182},
  annote =	{Keywords: Railroad simulation, locomotive engine planning}
}

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