106 Search Results for "Henriques, Pedro R."

Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2025.2
Enabling Secure Coding: Exploring GenAI for Developer Training and Education

Authors: Sathwik Amburi, Tiago Espinha Gasiba, Ulrike Lechner, and Maria Pinto-Albuquerque

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 133, 6th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2025)

Abstract
The rapid adoption of GenAI for code generation presents unprecedented opportunities and significant security challenges. Raising awareness about secure coding is critical for preventing software vulnerabilities. To investigate how Generative AI can best support secure coding, we built an AI Secure Coding platform, an interactive training environment that embeds a GPT-4 based chatbot directly into a structured challenge workflow. The platform comprises a landing page, a challenges page with three AI-generated tasks, and a challenge page where participants work with code snippets. In each challenge, developers (1) identify vulnerabilities by reviewing code and adding comments, (2) ask the AI for help via a chat based interface, (3) review and refine comments based on AI feedback, and (4) fix vulnerabilities by submitting secure patches. The study involved 18 industry developers tackling three challenges. Participants used the AI Secure Coding Platform to detect and remediate vulnerabilities and then completed a survey to capture their opinions and comfort level with AI assisted platform for secure coding. Results show that AI assistance can boost productivity, reduce errors, and uncover more defects when treated as a "second pair of eyes," but it can also foster over-reliance. This study introduces the AI Secure Coding platform, presents preliminary results from a initial study, and shows that embedding GenAI into a structured secure-coding workflow can both enable and challenge developers. This work also opens the door to a new research field: leveraging GenAI to enable secure software development.
Cite as

Sathwik Amburi, Tiago Espinha Gasiba, Ulrike Lechner, and Maria Pinto-Albuquerque. Enabling Secure Coding: Exploring GenAI for Developer Training and Education. In 6th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 133, pp. 2:1-2:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{amburi_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2025.2,
  author =	{Amburi, Sathwik and Espinha Gasiba, Tiago and Lechner, Ulrike and Pinto-Albuquerque, Maria},
  title =	{{Enabling Secure Coding: Exploring GenAI for Developer Training and Education}},
  booktitle =	{6th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2025)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-393-5},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{133},
  editor =	{Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo and Pinto, M\'{a}rio and Portela, Filipe and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2025.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-240321},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2025.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: Secure Coding, Industry, Software Development, Generative AI, Large Language Models, Teaching}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.3
Elements for Weighted Answer-Set Programming

Authors: Francisco Coelho, Bruno Dinis, Dietmar Seipel, and Salvador Abreu

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
Logic programs, more specifically, answer-set programs, can be annotated with probabilities on facts to express uncertainty. We address the problem of propagating weight annotations on facts (e.g. probabilities) of an answer-set program to its stable models, and from there to events (defined as sets of atoms) in a dataset over the program’s domain. We propose a novel approach which is algebraic in the sense that it relies on an equivalence relation over the set of events. Uncertainty is then described as polynomial expressions over variables. We propagate the weight function in the space of models and events, rather than doing so within the syntax of the program. As evidence that our approach is sound, we show that certain facts behave as expected. Our approach allows us to investigate weight annotated programs and to determine how suitable a given one is for modeling a given dataset containing events. It’s core is illustrated by a running example and the encoding of a Bayesian network.
Cite as

Francisco Coelho, Bruno Dinis, Dietmar Seipel, and Salvador Abreu. Elements for Weighted Answer-Set Programming. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 3:1-3:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{coelho_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.3,
  author =	{Coelho, Francisco and Dinis, Bruno and Seipel, Dietmar and Abreu, Salvador},
  title =	{{Elements for Weighted Answer-Set Programming}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236836},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Answer-Set Programming, Stable Models, Probabilistic Logic Programming}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.4
Vulnerability Detection Across Different CI/CD Platforms

Authors: Vasco Manuel Oliveira, Alberto Simões, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
In recent years, more attention has been paid to the security of the software supply chain (SSC). While at first SSC was just seen as the dependency of other libraries, today SSC is broader, considering all the environment where a software application is developed, from the actors, hardware and auxiliary tools. This work focuses on a specific part of software supply chain security: the tools used for continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) and their vulnerabilities and risks. These tools are widely used by organizations to accelerate their software development, testing, and delivery, making any security issue present in these tools problematic for the organization. This is especially true given that most tools are open-source, making these tools the primary targets for exploits. We will present a quick introduction to SSCS and CI/CD and provide a practical solution to detect risks and vulnerabilities in CI/CD tools, emphasizing the modular approach, allowing the system to easily scale to detect new risks and vulnerabilities, as well as to support new CI/CD tools.
Cite as

Vasco Manuel Oliveira, Alberto Simões, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Vulnerability Detection Across Different CI/CD Platforms. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 4:1-4:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{oliveira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.4,
  author =	{Oliveira, Vasco Manuel and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Vulnerability Detection Across Different CI/CD Platforms}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236848},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: Software Supply Chain, Software Supply Chain Security, CI/CD Platforms}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.13
Mining GitHub Software Repositories to Look for Programming Language Cocktails

Authors: João Loureiro, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
In light of specific development needs, it is common to concurrently apply different technologies to build complex applications. Given that lowering risks, costs, and other negative factors, while improving their positive counterparts is paramount to a better development environment, it becomes relevant to find out what technologies work best for each intended purpose in a project. In order to reach these findings, it is necessary to analyse and study the technologies applied in these projects and how they interconnect and relate to each other. The theory behind Programming Cocktails (meaning the set of programming technologies - Ingredients - that are used to develop complex systems) can support these analysis. However, due to the sheer amount of data that is required to construct and analyse these Cocktails, it becomes unsustainable to manually obtain them. From the desire to accelerate this process comes the need for a tool that automates the data collection and its conversion into an appropriate format for analysis. As such, the project proposed in this paper revolves around the development of a web-scraping application that can generate Cocktail Identity Cards (CIC) from source code repositories hosted on GitHub. Said CICs contain the Ingredients (programming languages, libraries and frameworks) used in the corresponding GitHub repository and follow the ontology previously established in a larger research project to model each Programming Cocktail. This paper presents a survey of current Source Version Control Systems (SVCSs) and web-scrapping technologies, an overview of Programming Cocktails and its current foundations, and the design of a tool that can automate the gathering of CICs from GitHub repositories.
Cite as

João Loureiro, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Mining GitHub Software Repositories to Look for Programming Language Cocktails. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 13:1-13:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{loureiro_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.13,
  author =	{Loureiro, Jo\~{a}o and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Mining GitHub Software Repositories to Look for Programming Language Cocktails}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236933},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: Software Repository Mining, Source Version Control, GitHub Scraping, Programming Cocktails}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.11
Bridging Language Barriers: A Comparative Review and Empirical Evaluation of Source-To-Source Transpilers

Authors: André Freitas, Tiago Baptista, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
Source-to-source transpilation plays a pivotal role in modern software engineering by enabling code migration, feature adoption, and cross-language interoperability without sacrificing semantic integrity. The contributions discussed in this paper can be split into two. The first is a comprehensive literature review that aims at defining what transpilers are, traces their historical evolution from early Fortran/COBOL preprocessors to more recent tools like Babel and TypeScript, and examines key parsing methodologies, AST representations, and transformation strategies. The second is an experimental investigation which assesses several popular transpilers - selected by GitHub popularity and unique language-pair capabilities, when applied to an equivalent code snippet designed to sum even numbers and identify the maximum element. The metrics evaluated were the execution time, CPU, memory consumption, output accuracy and usability.
Cite as

André Freitas, Tiago Baptista, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Bridging Language Barriers: A Comparative Review and Empirical Evaluation of Source-To-Source Transpilers. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 11:1-11:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{freitas_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.11,
  author =	{Freitas, Andr\'{e} and Baptista, Tiago and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Bridging Language Barriers: A Comparative Review and Empirical Evaluation of Source-To-Source Transpilers}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{11:1--11:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.11},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236911},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.11},
  annote =	{Keywords: Source-to-source translation, Code transformation, Parsing, Lexical analysis, Syntax analysis, Semantic analysis, Transpilation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.10
Stepwise Source, a Supporting Tool for Source Code Demonstration

Authors: João Santos, Alvaro Costa Neto, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
The difficulties in teaching and learning computer programming remain a pressing issue to this day. Several studies and tools have been developed over the years to tackle this challenge from many different points-of-view. One of the biggest tools an educator has to support him in a classroom is the progressive explanation of how a source code is constructed and what effects each of its parts has on the overall result. Attempts to translate this live-directed tool to an on-line experience is usually time-consuming and lacking in features. In order to tackle this concern, a tool to create piecewise source code writing demonstrations was developed - Stepwise Source. The main idea behind this application is to allow step-by-step explanation of a source code construction, along with any relevant annotations and automatically assessed challenges that an educator may add. By providing a dynamic platform for both students and lecturers, this software aims to improve the teaching and learning of computer programming, while trying to imitate the information flow of a live lecture, with the added benefit of student-directed pace of explanation. Through interactive guidance and automated assessment, this tool has the potential to foster a deeper understanding of computational principles and promote proficiency in programming skills.
Cite as

João Santos, Alvaro Costa Neto, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Stepwise Source, a Supporting Tool for Source Code Demonstration. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 10:1-10:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{santos_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.10,
  author =	{Santos, Jo\~{a}o and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Stepwise Source, a Supporting Tool for Source Code Demonstration}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:15},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236906},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Computer Programming Education, Source Code Demonstration, Education Technology}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.5
CVTool: Automating Content Variants of CVs

Authors: Julio Beites Gonçalves, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 135, 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)

Abstract
As academic professionals, we frequently need to create different versions of our CVs for project applications, career evaluations, or competitions. These versions may be chronologically structured or skill-oriented, covering specific periods and written in various languages. Even when using a LaTeX document as a base, numerous modifications are required each time an updated CV version is requested for a specific purpose. The primary objective of the project reported in this paper is to design and implement a web-based system (CVTool) that simplifies the management of LaTeX CV content while ensuring flexibility. The CVTool is built on a domain-specific language that enables the creation of various filters, allowing for the automatic content adjustment while preserving the original format. Information is extracted from the LaTeX document, and users can specify the sections, dates, skills they want to highlight, and the language in which the CV should be generated. Since the approach relies on an internal data representation derived from the original LaTeX document, it offers users the flexibility to manage content efficiently and extract the necessary information with ease.
Cite as

Julio Beites Gonçalves, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. CVTool: Automating Content Variants of CVs. In 14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 135, pp. 5:1-5:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)

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@InProceedings{goncalves_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2025.5,
  author =	{Gon\c{c}alves, Julio Beites and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{CVTool: Automating Content Variants of CVs}},
  booktitle =	{14th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2025)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-387-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{135},
  editor =	{Baptista, Jorge and Barateiro, Jos\'{e}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-236855},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2025.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: Latex CV, CV Versioning, DSL, CV Parsing, CV Templates}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.3
Ontology Visualization Tools: A Bibliographic Review and a Proposal

Authors: Ezra Gomes Marques, Cristiana Araújo, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 120, 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)

Abstract
Information can be graphically presented to users through different visualization methods, which can be complemented by various features meant to facilitate the navigation and interpretation of the presented information. Many of these methods and features are already in use by current ontology visualization tools, while others, along with some concepts from the broader field of information visualization, are merely explored in the literature despite their potential to also be applied in this specific field. This paper aims to analyze key characteristics of the current state of the art of ontology visualization tools, as well as the notable benefits and limitations of each of them, by extensively reviewing this body of work. Additionally, it also aims to demonstrate how the resulting insight has aided the development of PrOnto, a new platform dedicated to the visualization of OntoDL+ ontologies.
Cite as

Ezra Gomes Marques, Cristiana Araújo, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Ontology Visualization Tools: A Bibliographic Review and a Proposal. In 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 120, pp. 3:1-3:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{marques_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2024.3,
  author =	{Marques, Ezra Gomes and Ara\'{u}jo, Cristiana and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Ontology Visualization Tools: A Bibliographic Review and a Proposal}},
  booktitle =	{13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:14},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-321-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{120},
  editor =	{Rodrigues, M\'{a}rio and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-220749},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Ontology, Information Visualization, Ontology Visualization, Ontology Navigation, OntoDL+}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.7
Upgrade of Lark Compiler Generator to Support Attribute Grammars

Authors: Daniel Faria, Tiago João Baptista, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 120, 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)

Abstract
This document presents an initiative aimed at advancing parsing and language processing through the integration of Attribute Grammars (AG) into the Lark Compiler Generator, a flexible tool frequently used for these tasks. In order to achieve a successful integration of AGs into Lark, a study on the concept and example analysis of AG based specifications needed to be conducted. This provided an insight on their advantages in order to extend Lark with the ability to use AG, that will be presented in this article. With this project, named LarkAG, we aim at providing Lark with a conventional and well studied formalism to specify rigorously the static and dynamic semantics of programming languages, on top of its recognized syntactic analysis capabilities. Along the paper, LarkAG architecture, development and usage are also discussed. The DSL designed to provide a proper notation for attribute occurrences selection and for writing semantic rules and context conditions is also presented. This addition of AG support to Lark will enable the construction of compilers and language processors of greater reliability. It is not a major breakthrough since AGs based tools already exist and are well studied, but rather an extension that can bring great value to a modern framework such as Lark.
Cite as

Daniel Faria, Tiago João Baptista, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Upgrade of Lark Compiler Generator to Support Attribute Grammars. In 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 120, pp. 7:1-7:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{faria_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2024.7,
  author =	{Faria, Daniel and Baptista, Tiago Jo\~{a}o and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Upgrade of Lark Compiler Generator to Support Attribute Grammars}},
  booktitle =	{13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-321-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{120},
  editor =	{Rodrigues, M\'{a}rio and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-220787},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: Formal Language Specification, Formal Language Processing, Attribute Grammars, Compiler Generation, Lark}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.8
DrumLace - A Domain Specific Language (DSL) for Drum Programming (Short Paper)

Authors: André Semanas de Oliveira Araújo, José João Dias de Almeida, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 120, 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)

Abstract
In an ever expanding world of musical technology, and due to the evolution of computational power in the last decades, a subdomain emerged where software represents a tool for musicians. Within that subdomain a large variety of approaches exist that allow users to create, define, improve and analyze music. One of these approaches involves the development of text-based languages, that allows the user to define music only through text in a way that enables the development of tools which make possible the printing of the musical sheet describing the score, as well as the generation of different audio files - in WAV, MP3, or other formats - that other music software, such as software synthesizers, can use to play the described score. This project aims to develop a new language, focused on percussion instruments, that allows the description of rhythms, via text or via a visual language - made available trough a Graphic User Interface (GUI). Moreover, that new music DSL supports the use of functions applied to the rhythms and allows the generation of various outputs. This narrow focus on drum programming, as opposed to music as whole, aims at providing an easier to learn syntax, a simple to use tool and an environment open to the integration of more complex concepts presented in the world of percussion.
Cite as

André Semanas de Oliveira Araújo, José João Dias de Almeida, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. DrumLace - A Domain Specific Language (DSL) for Drum Programming (Short Paper). In 13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 120, pp. 8:1-8:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{araujo_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2024.8,
  author =	{Ara\'{u}jo, Andr\'{e} Semanas de Oliveira and de Almeida, Jos\'{e} Jo\~{a}o Dias and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{DrumLace - A Domain Specific Language (DSL) for Drum Programming}},
  booktitle =	{13th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2024)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:9},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-321-8},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{120},
  editor =	{Rodrigues, M\'{a}rio and Leal, Jos\'{e} Paulo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-220797},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2024.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Domain Specific Languages (DSL), Visual Musical Languages, Drum Programming, Compilation}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.12
Type Annotation for SAST

Authors: Marco Pereira, Alberto Simões, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 113, 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)

Abstract
Static Application Security Testing (SAST) is a type of software security testing that analyzes the source code of an application to identify security vulnerabilities and coding errors. It helps detect security vulnerabilities in software code before deployment reducing the risk of exploitation by attackers. The work presented in this document describes the work performed to upgrade Checkmarx’s SAST tool allowing the execution of vulnerability detection taking into account expression types. For this to be possible, every expression in the Document Object Model needs to have a specific type assigned accordingly to the kind of operation and to the different operand types. At the current stage, this project is already supporting the expression type annotation for three programming languages: C, C++ and C#. This support has been done through the addition of a new Resolver Rule to the Resolver stage, allowing for the generalization of languages. We also compare the complexity of writing vulnerability detection queries with or without access to type information.
Cite as

Marco Pereira, Alberto Simões, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Type Annotation for SAST. In 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 113, pp. 12:1-12:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{pereira_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2023.12,
  author =	{Pereira, Marco and Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Type Annotation for SAST}},
  booktitle =	{12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)},
  pages =	{12:1--12:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-291-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Ber\'{o}n, Mario Marcelo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.12},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185261},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.12},
  annote =	{Keywords: Static Application Security Testing, Type Annotation, C, C++, C#}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13
Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages

Authors: Júlio Alves, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 113, 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)

Abstract
This paper presents and discusses a research work whose main goal is to identify which characteristics influence the recognition and identification, by a programmer, of a programming language, specifically analysing a program source code and its linguistic style. In other words, the study that is described aims at answering the following questions: which grammatical elements - including lexical, syntactic, and semantic details - contribute the most for the characterization of a language? How many structural elements of a language may be modified without losing its identity? The long term objective of such research is to acquire new insights on the factors that can lead language engineers to design new programming languages that reduce the cognitive load of both learners and programmers. To elaborate on that subject, the paper starts with a brief explanation of programming languages fundamentals. Then, a list of the main syntactic characteristics of a set of programming languages, chosen for the study, is presented. Those characteristics outcome from the analysis we carried on at first phase of our project. To go deeper on the investigation we decided to collect and analyze the opinion of other programmers. So, the design of a survey to address that task is discussed. The answers obtained from the application of the questionnaire are analysed to present an overall picture of programming languages characteristics and their relative influence to their identification from the programmers’ perspective.
Cite as

Júlio Alves, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages. In 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 113, pp. 13:1-13:13, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{alves_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13,
  author =	{Alves, J\'{u}lio and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Characterization and Identification of Programming Languages}},
  booktitle =	{12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:13},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-291-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Ber\'{o}n, Mario Marcelo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185273},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: Programming Languages, Programming Language Characterization, Programming Language Design, Programming Language Identification}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.16
Romaria De Nª Srª D'Agonia: Building a Digital Repository and a Virtual Museum

Authors: Sara Cristina Freitas Queirós, Cristiana Araújo, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 113, 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)

Abstract
Romarias are Christian pilgrimages that occur in order to celebrate a specific saint. Romaria de Nª Srª d'Agonia (RNS Agonia, for short) occurs aimed at celebrating Nossa Senhora da Agonia, patron of all Fishermen, at Viana do Castelo, Portugal. RNS Agonia is a very old event that surely belongs to the Minho’s Cultural Heritage. There are many written documents, of various types, that describe the event; so, their digital preservation is mandatory. However, digital preservation is not restricted to a database of digital images obtained by scanning the documents. In this paper we are concerned with digital repositories of XML-based annotated documents from which we can extract automatically data to build a virtual museum that helps on disseminating information about RNS Agonia. Such a Web resource is crucial to support people wishing to know more about that pilgrimage, and also as a booster for tourism. The paper describes the different stages of this project, including the documents annotation process, data extraction mechanisms, the creation of a triple storage to archive the knowledge built from the sources analyzed, and the virtual museum implementation. The methodological approach devised for the project under discussion is based on the creation of an ontology that describes the RNS Agonia domain completely. The idea is to define the XML dialect, to be used in the annotation, from the ontology. Moreover the ontology will also lead the definition of the triple store used to set up the knowledge base that feeds the museum.
Cite as

Sara Cristina Freitas Queirós, Cristiana Araújo, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. Romaria De Nª Srª D'Agonia: Building a Digital Repository and a Virtual Museum. In 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 113, pp. 16:1-16:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{queiros_et_al:OASIcs.SLATE.2023.16,
  author =	{Queir\'{o}s, Sara Cristina Freitas and Ara\'{u}jo, Cristiana and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{Romaria De Nª Srª D'Agonia: Building a Digital Repository and a Virtual Museum}},
  booktitle =	{12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023)},
  pages =	{16:1--16:16},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-291-4},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{113},
  editor =	{Sim\~{o}es, Alberto and Ber\'{o}n, Mario Marcelo and Portela, Filipe},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.16},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185306},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.SLATE.2023.16},
  annote =	{Keywords: Ontology, XML, Romaria, Pilgrimage, Digital Knowledge Repository, Triple Storage Database, Virtual Museum}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.3
LCSMAR, an AR Based Tool to Inspect Imperative Programs

Authors: Luis Carlos Martins, Lázaro Vinicius Lima, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 112, 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)

Abstract
LCSMAR is a Learning Resource that takes advantage of Augmented Reality in order to promote the development of Computational Thinking among students who are starting to dive in to the world of computer programming. Students can write code in a imperative programming language and, with the help of their mobile phone, they can visualize and analyze the execution of the code they developed, seeing how variable and data structures change over time with each instruction. Augmented Reality tools allow the visualization of abstract concepts that are often misunderstood and that cause misconception among students, which in term should help students develop the abilities to understand and use these abstract concepts, such as data structures, in other areas of application.
Cite as

Luis Carlos Martins, Lázaro Vinicius Lima, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. LCSMAR, an AR Based Tool to Inspect Imperative Programs. In 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 112, pp. 3:1-3:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{martins_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.3,
  author =	{Martins, Luis Carlos and Lima, L\'{a}zaro Vinicius and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{LCSMAR, an AR Based Tool to Inspect Imperative Programs}},
  booktitle =	{4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:9},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-290-7},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{112},
  editor =	{Peixoto de Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo Alexandre and Teixeira Pinto, M\'{a}rio Paulo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-184994},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Augmented Reality, Learning Resources, Computer Programming, Computational Thinking}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9
NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation

Authors: Tiago Carvalho Freitas, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques

Published in: OASIcs, Volume 112, 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)

Abstract
This paper focuses on the enhancement of computer programming exercises generation to the benefit of both students and teachers. By exploring Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Machine Learning (ML) methods for automatic generation of text and source code, it is possible to semi-automatically construct programming exercises, aiding teachers to reduce redundant work and more easily apply active learning methodologies. This would not only allow them to still play a leading role in the teaching-learning process, but also provide students a better and more interactive learning experience. If embedded in a widely accessible website, an exercises generator with these Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods might be used directly by students, in order to obtain randomised lists of exercises for their own study, at their own time. The emergence of new and increasingly powerful technologies, such as the ones utilised by ChatGPT, raises the discussion about their use for exercise generation. Albeit highly capable, monetary and computational costs are still obstacles for wider adoption, as well as the possibility of incorrect results. This paper describes the characteristics and behaviour of several ML models applied and trained for text and code generation and their use to generate computer programming exercises. Finally, an analysis based on correctness and coherence of the resulting exercise statements and complementary source codes generated/produced is presented, and the role that this type of technology can play in a programming exercise automatic generation system is discussed.
Cite as

Tiago Carvalho Freitas, Alvaro Costa Neto, Maria João Varanda Pereira, and Pedro Rangel Henriques. NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation. In 4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 112, pp. 9:1-9:12, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)

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@InProceedings{freitas_et_al:OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9,
  author =	{Freitas, Tiago Carvalho and Costa Neto, Alvaro and Pereira, Maria Jo\~{a}o Varanda and Henriques, Pedro Rangel},
  title =	{{NLP/AI Based Techniques for Programming Exercises Generation}},
  booktitle =	{4th International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2023)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:12},
  series =	{Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-290-7},
  ISSN =	{2190-6807},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{112},
  editor =	{Peixoto de Queir\'{o}s, Ricardo Alexandre and Teixeira Pinto, M\'{a}rio Paulo},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-185058},
  doi =		{10.4230/OASIcs.ICPEC.2023.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Natural Language Processing, Computer Programming Education, Exercises Generation, Text Generation, Code Generation}
}
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