15 Search Results for "Schoenebeck, Grant"


Document
Recovering Communities in Structured Random Graphs

Authors: Michael Kapralov, Luca Trevisan, and Weronika Wrzos-Kaminska

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 362, 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)


Abstract
The problem of recovering planted community structure in random graphs has received a lot of attention in the literature on the stochastic block model, where the input is a random graph in which edges crossing between different communities appear with smaller probability than edges induced by communities. The communities themselves form a collection of vertex-disjoint sparse cuts in the expected graph, and can be recovered, often exactly, from a sample as long as a separation condition on the intra- and inter-community edge probabilities is satisfied. In this paper, we ask whether the presence of a large number of overlapping sparsest cuts in the expected graph still allows recovery. For example, the d-dimensional hypercube graph admits d distinct (balanced) sparsest cuts, one for every coordinate. Can these cuts be identified given a random sample of the edges of the hypercube where each edge is present independently with some probability p ∈ (0, 1)? We show that this is the case, in a very strong sense: the sparsest balanced cut in a sample of the hypercube at rate p = Clog d/d for a sufficiently large constant C is 1/poly(d)-close to a coordinate cut with high probability. This is asymptotically optimal and allows approximate recovery of all d cuts simultaneously. Furthermore, for an appropriate sample of hypercube-like graphs recovery can be made exact. The proof is essentially a strong hypercube cut sparsification bound that combines a theorem of Friedgut, Kalai and Naor on boolean functions whose Fourier transform concentrates on the first level of the Fourier spectrum with Karger’s cut counting argument.

Cite as

Michael Kapralov, Luca Trevisan, and Weronika Wrzos-Kaminska. Recovering Communities in Structured Random Graphs. In 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 362, pp. 85:1-85:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@InProceedings{kapralov_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.85,
  author =	{Kapralov, Michael and Trevisan, Luca and Wrzos-Kaminska, Weronika},
  title =	{{Recovering Communities in Structured Random Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)},
  pages =	{85:1--85:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-410-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{362},
  editor =	{Saraf, Shubhangi},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.85},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-253727},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.85},
  annote =	{Keywords: Hypercube graphs, Community detection, Fourier analysis of Boolean functions}
}
Document
Testing Classical Properties from Quantum Data

Authors: Matthias C. Caro, Preksha Naik, and Joseph Slote

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 362, 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)


Abstract
Many properties of Boolean functions can be tested far more efficiently than the function itself can be learned. However, this dramatic advantage often disappears when testers are limited to random samples of f instead of adaptively chosen queries to f. In this work we investigate the quantum version of this restriction: quantum algorithms that test properties of a Boolean function f solely from copies of either the function state |f⟩∝ ∑_x|x,f(x)⟩ or the phase state |(-1)^f⟩∝ ∑_x (-1)^{f(x)}|x⟩. Quantum advantage in testing from data. For monotonicity, symmetry, and triangle-freeness, we show passive quantum testers are unboundedly or super-polynomially better than their classical passive testing counterparts. They are competitive with classic query-based testers in each case. Inadequacy of Fourier sampling. Our new testers use techniques beyond quantum Fourier sampling, and it turns out this is necessary: we show a certain class of bent functions can be tested from 𝒪(1) function states but has a sample complexity lower bound of 2^{Ω(n)} for any tester relying exclusively on Fourier and classical samples. Classical queries vs. quantum data. Our passive quantum testers are competitive with classical query-based testers, but this isn't universal: we exhibit a testing problem that can be solved from 𝒪(1) classical queries but requires Ω(2^{n/2}) function state copies. The Forrelation problem provides a separation of the same magnitude in the opposite direction, so we conclude that quantum data and classical queries are "maximally incomparable" resources for testing. Towards lower bounds. We also begin the study of lower bounds for testing from quantum data. For quantum monotonicity testing, we prove that the ensembles of [Goldreich et al., 2000; Black, 2024], which give exponential lower bounds for classical sample-based testing, do not yield any nontrivial lower bounds for testing from quantum data. New insights specific to quantum data will be required for proving copy complexity lower bounds for testing in this model.

Cite as

Matthias C. Caro, Preksha Naik, and Joseph Slote. Testing Classical Properties from Quantum Data. In 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 362, pp. 34:1-34:26, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)


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@InProceedings{caro_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.34,
  author =	{Caro, Matthias C. and Naik, Preksha and Slote, Joseph},
  title =	{{Testing Classical Properties from Quantum Data}},
  booktitle =	{17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)},
  pages =	{34:1--34:26},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-410-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2026},
  volume =	{362},
  editor =	{Saraf, Shubhangi},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.34},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-253213},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.34},
  annote =	{Keywords: Quantum Property Testing, Quantum Data, Boolean Functions}
}
Document
Beating Competitive Ratio 4 for Graphic Matroid Secretary

Authors: Kiarash Banihashem, MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi, Dariusz R. Kowalski, Piotr Krysta, Danny Mittal, and Jan Olkowski

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 351, 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)


Abstract
One of the classic problems in online decision-making is the secretary problem, where the goal is to hire the best secretary out of n rankable applicants or, in a natural extension, to maximize the probability of selecting the largest number from a sequence arriving in random order. Many works have considered generalizations of this problem where one can accept multiple values subject to a combinatorial constraint. The seminal work of Babaioff, Immorlica, Kempe, and Kleinberg (SODA'07, JACM'18) proposed the matroid secretary conjecture, suggesting that there exists an O(1)-competitive algorithm for the matroid constraint, and many works since have attempted to obtain algorithms for both general matroids and specific classes of matroids. The ultimate goal of these results is to obtain an e-competitive algorithm, and the strong matroid secretary conjecture states that this is possible for general matroids. One of the most important classes of matroids is the graphic matroid, where a set of edges in a graph is deemed independent if it contains no cycle. Given the rich combinatorial structure of graphs, obtaining algorithms for these matroids is often seen as a good first step towards solving the problem for general matroids. For matroid secretary, Babaioff et al. (SODA'07, JACM'18) first studied graphic matroid case and obtained a 16-competitive algorithm. Subsequent works have improved the competitive ratio, most recently to 4 by Soto, Turkieltaub, and Verdugo (SODA'18). In this paper, we break the 4-competitive barrier for the problem, obtaining a new algorithm with a competitive ratio of 3.95. For the special case of simple graphs (i.e., graphs that do not contain parallel edges) we further improve this to 3.77. Intuitively, solving the problem for simple graphs is easier as they do not contain cycles of length two. A natural question that arises is whether we can obtain a ratio arbitrarily close to e by assuming the graph has a large enough girth. We answer this question affirmatively, proving that one can obtain a competitive ratio arbitrarily close to e even for constant values of girth, providing further evidence for the strong matroid secretary conjecture. We further show that this bound is tight: for any constant g, one cannot obtain a competitive ratio better than e even if we assume that the input graph has girth at least g. To our knowledge, such a bound was not previously known even for simple graphs.

Cite as

Kiarash Banihashem, MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi, Dariusz R. Kowalski, Piotr Krysta, Danny Mittal, and Jan Olkowski. Beating Competitive Ratio 4 for Graphic Matroid Secretary. In 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 351, pp. 52:1-52:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{banihashem_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2025.52,
  author =	{Banihashem, Kiarash and Hajiaghayi, MohammadTaghi and Kowalski, Dariusz R. and Krysta, Piotr and Mittal, Danny and Olkowski, Jan},
  title =	{{Beating Competitive Ratio 4 for Graphic Matroid Secretary}},
  booktitle =	{33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)},
  pages =	{52:1--52:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-395-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{351},
  editor =	{Benoit, Anne and Kaplan, Haim and Wild, Sebastian and Herman, Grzegorz},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.52},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-245205},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.52},
  annote =	{Keywords: online algorithms, graphic matroids, secretary problem}
}
Document
APPROX
Spectral Refutations of Semirandom k-LIN over Larger Fields

Authors: Nicholas Kocurek and Peter Manohar

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 353, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025)


Abstract
We study the problem of strongly refuting semirandom k-LIN(𝔽) instances: systems of k-sparse inhomogeneous linear equations over a finite field 𝔽. For the case of 𝔽 = 𝔽₂, this is the well-studied problem of refuting semirandom instances of k-XOR, where the works of [Venkatesan Guruswami et al., 2022; Jun-Ting Hsieh et al., 2023] establish a tight trade-off between runtime and clause density for refutation: for any choice of a parameter 𝓁, they give an n^{O(𝓁)}-time algorithm to certify that there is no assignment that can satisfy more than 1/2 + ε-fraction of constraints in a semirandom k-XOR instance, provided that the instance has O(n)⋅(n/𝓁)^{k/2 - 1} log n/ε⁴ constraints, and the work of [Pravesh K. Kothari et al., 2017] provides good evidence that this tight up to a polylog(n) factor via lower bounds for the Sum-of-Squares hierarchy. However, for larger fields, the only known results for this problem are established via black-box reductions to the case of 𝔽₂, resulting in a |𝔽|^{3k} gap between the current best upper and lower bounds. In this paper, we give an algorithm for refuting semirandom k-LIN(𝔽) instances with the "correct" dependence on the field size |𝔽|. For any choice of a parameter 𝓁, our algorithm runs in (|𝔽|)^O(𝓁)-time and strongly refutes semirandom k-LIN(𝔽) instances with at least O(n) ⋅ (|𝔽^*| n/𝓁) ^{k/2 - 1} log(n|𝔽^*|)/ε⁴ constraints. We give good evidence that this dependence on the field size |𝔽| is optimal by proving a lower bound for the Sum-of-Squares hierarchy that matches this threshold up to a polylog(n |𝔽^*|) factor. Our results also extend beyond finite fields to the more general case of ℤ_m and arbitrary finite Abelian groups. Our key technical innovation is a generalization of the "𝔽₂ Kikuchi matrices" of [Alexander S. Wein et al., 2019; Venkatesan Guruswami et al., 2022] to larger fields, and finite Abelian groups more generally.

Cite as

Nicholas Kocurek and Peter Manohar. Spectral Refutations of Semirandom k-LIN over Larger Fields. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 353, pp. 17:1-17:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{kocurek_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.17,
  author =	{Kocurek, Nicholas and Manohar, Peter},
  title =	{{Spectral Refutations of Semirandom k-LIN over Larger Fields}},
  booktitle =	{Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025)},
  pages =	{17:1--17:15},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-397-3},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{353},
  editor =	{Ene, Alina and Chattopadhyay, Eshan},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.17},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-243834},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.17},
  annote =	{Keywords: Spectral Algorithms, CSP Refutation, Kikuchi Matrices}
}
Document
Shortest Paths in Multimode Graphs

Authors: Yael Kirkpatrick and Virginia Vassilevska Williams

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 345, 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)


Abstract
In this work we study shortest path problems in multimode graphs, a generalization of the min-distance measure introduced by Abboud, Vassilevska W. and Wang in [SODA'16]. A multimode shortest path is the shortest path using one of multiple "modes" of transportation that cannot be combined. This represents real-world scenarios where different modes are not combinable, such as flights operated by different airline alliances. The problem arises naturally in machine learning in the context of learning with multiple embedding. More precisely, a k-multimode graph is a collection of k graphs on the same vertex set and the k-mode distance between two vertices is defined as the minimum among the distances computed in each individual graph. We focus on approximating fundamental graph parameters on these graphs, specifically diameter and radius. In undirected multimode graphs we first show an elegant linear time 3-approximation algorithm for 2-mode diameter. We then extend this idea into a general subroutine that can be used as a part of any α-approximation, and use it to construct a 2 and 2.5 approximation algorithm for 2-mode diameter. For undirected radius, we introduce a general scheme that can compute a 3-approximation of the k-mode radius for any k and runs in near linear time in the case of k = O(1). In the directed case we establish an equivalence between approximating 2-mode diameter on DAGs and approximating the min-diameter, while for general graphs we develop novel techniques and provide a linear time algorithm to determine whether the diameter is finite. We also develop many conditional fine-grained lower bounds for various multimode diameter and radius approximation problems. We are able to show that many of our algorithms are tight under popular fine-grained complexity hypotheses, including our linear time 3-approximation for 3-mode undirected diameter and radius. As part of this effort we propose the first extension to the Hitting Set Hypothesis [SODA'16], which we call the 𝓁-Hitting Set Hypothesis. We use this hypothesis to prove the first parameterized lower bound tradeoff for radius approximation algorithms.

Cite as

Yael Kirkpatrick and Virginia Vassilevska Williams. Shortest Paths in Multimode Graphs. In 50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 345, pp. 63:1-63:16, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{kirkpatrick_et_al:LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.63,
  author =	{Kirkpatrick, Yael and Vassilevska Williams, Virginia},
  title =	{{Shortest Paths in Multimode Graphs}},
  booktitle =	{50th International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2025)},
  pages =	{63:1--63:16},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-388-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{345},
  editor =	{Gawrychowski, Pawe{\l} and Mazowiecki, Filip and Skrzypczak, Micha{\l}},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.63},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-241703},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2025.63},
  annote =	{Keywords: Graph Algorithms, Shortest Paths, Diameter, Radius, Fine-Grained Complexity}
}
Document
A Lower Bound for k-DNF Resolution on Random CNF Formulas via Expansion

Authors: Anastasia Sofronova and Dmitry Sokolov

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 339, 40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025)


Abstract
Random Δ-CNF formulas are one of the few candidates that are expected to be hard for proof systems and SAT algotirhms. Assume we sample m clauses over n variables. Here, the main complexity parameter is clause density, χ := m/n. For a fixed Δ, there exists a satisfiability threshold c_Δ such that for χ > c_Δ a formula is unsatisfiable with high probability. and for χ < c_Δ it is satisfiable with high probability. Near satisfiability threshold, there are various lower bounds for algorithms and proof systems [Eli Ben-Sasson, 2001; Eli Ben-Sasson and Russell Impagliazzo, 1999; Michael Alekhnovich and Alexander A. Razborov, 2003; Dima Grigoriev, 2001; Grant Schoenebeck, 2008; Pavel Hrubes and Pavel Pudlák, 2017; Noah Fleming et al., 2017; Dmitry Sokolov, 2024], and for high-density regimes, there exist upper bounds [Uriel Feige et al., 2006; Sebastian Müller and Iddo Tzameret, 2014; Jackson Abascal et al., 2021; Venkatesan Guruswami et al., 2022]. One of the frontiers in the direction of proving lower bounds on these formulas is the k-DNF Resolution proof system (aka Res(k)). There are several known results for k = 𝒪(√{log n}/{log log n}}) [Nathan Segerlind et al., 2004; Michael Alekhnovich, 2011], that are applicable only for density regime near the threshold. In this paper, we show the first Res(k) lower bound that is applicable in higher-density regimes. Our results work for slightly larger k = 𝒪(√{log n}).

Cite as

Anastasia Sofronova and Dmitry Sokolov. A Lower Bound for k-DNF Resolution on Random CNF Formulas via Expansion. In 40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 339, pp. 32:1-32:27, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{sofronova_et_al:LIPIcs.CCC.2025.32,
  author =	{Sofronova, Anastasia and Sokolov, Dmitry},
  title =	{{A Lower Bound for k-DNF Resolution on Random CNF Formulas via Expansion}},
  booktitle =	{40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025)},
  pages =	{32:1--32:27},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-379-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{339},
  editor =	{Srinivasan, Srikanth},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2025.32},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-237269},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2025.32},
  annote =	{Keywords: proof complexity, random CNFs}
}
Document
Biased Linearity Testing in the 1% Regime

Authors: Subhash Khot and Kunal Mittal

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 339, 40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025)


Abstract
We study linearity testing over the p-biased hypercube ({0,1}ⁿ, μ_p^{⊗n}) in the 1% regime. For a distribution ν supported over {x ∈ {0,1}^k:∑_{i=1}^k x_i = 0 (mod 2)}, with marginal distribution μ_p in each coordinate, the corresponding k-query linearity test Lin(ν) proceeds as follows: Given query access to a function f:{0,1}ⁿ → {-1,1}, sample (x_1,… ,x_k)∼ ν^{⊗n}, query f on x_1,… ,x_k, and accept if and only if ∏_{i ∈ [k]} f(x_i) = 1. Building on the work of Bhangale, Khot, and Minzer (STOC '23), we show, for 0 < p ≤ 1/2, that if k ≥ 1+1/p, then there exists a distribution ν such that the test Lin(ν) works in the 1% regime; that is, any function f:{0,1}ⁿ → {-1,1} passing the test Lin(ν) with probability ≥ 1/2+ε, for some constant ε > 0, satisfies Pr_{x∼μ_p^{⊗n}}[f(x) = g(x)] ≥ 1/2+δ, for some linear function g, and a constant δ = δ(ε) > 0. Conversely, we show that if k < 1+1/p, then no such test Lin(ν) works in the 1% regime. Our key observation is that the linearity test Lin(ν) works if and only if the distribution ν satisfies a certain pairwise independence property.

Cite as

Subhash Khot and Kunal Mittal. Biased Linearity Testing in the 1% Regime. In 40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 339, pp. 10:1-10:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{khot_et_al:LIPIcs.CCC.2025.10,
  author =	{Khot, Subhash and Mittal, Kunal},
  title =	{{Biased Linearity Testing in the 1\% Regime}},
  booktitle =	{40th Computational Complexity Conference (CCC 2025)},
  pages =	{10:1--10:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-379-9},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{339},
  editor =	{Srinivasan, Srikanth},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2025.10},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-237046},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.CCC.2025.10},
  annote =	{Keywords: Linearity test, 1\% regime, p-biased}
}
Document
Track A: Algorithms, Complexity and Games
Dynamic Algorithms for Submodular Matching

Authors: Kiarash Banihashem, Leyla Biabani, Samira Goudarzi, MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi, Peyman Jabbarzade, and Morteza Monemizadeh

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 334, 52nd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2025)


Abstract
The Maximum Submodular Matching (MSM) problem is a generalization of the classical Maximum Weight Matching (MWM) problem. In this problem, given a monotone submodular function f: 2^E → ℝ^{≥ 0} defined over subsets of edges of a graph G(V, E), we are asked to return a matching whose submodular value is maximum among all matchings in graph G(V, E). In this paper, we consider this problem in a fully dynamic setting against an oblivious adversary. In this setting, we are given a sequence 𝒮 of insertions and deletions of edges of the underlying graph G(V, E), along with an oracle access to the monotone submodular function f. The goal is to maintain a matching M such that, at any time t of sequence 𝒮, its submodular value is a good approximation of the value of the optimal submodular matching while keeping the number of operations minimal. We develop the first dynamic algorithm for the submodular matching problem, in which we maintain a matching whose submodular value is within expected (8 + ε)-approximation of the optimal submodular matching at any time t of sequence 𝒮 using expected amortized poly(log n, 1/(ε)) update time. Our approach incorporates a range of novel techniques, notably the concept of Uniform Hierarchical Caches (UHC) data structure along with its invariants, which lead to the first algorithm for fully dynamic submodular matching and may be of independent interest for designing dynamic algorithms for other problems.

Cite as

Kiarash Banihashem, Leyla Biabani, Samira Goudarzi, MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi, Peyman Jabbarzade, and Morteza Monemizadeh. Dynamic Algorithms for Submodular Matching. In 52nd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 334, pp. 19:1-19:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{banihashem_et_al:LIPIcs.ICALP.2025.19,
  author =	{Banihashem, Kiarash and Biabani, Leyla and Goudarzi, Samira and Hajiaghayi, MohammadTaghi and Jabbarzade, Peyman and Monemizadeh, Morteza},
  title =	{{Dynamic Algorithms for Submodular Matching}},
  booktitle =	{52nd International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP 2025)},
  pages =	{19:1--19:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-372-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{334},
  editor =	{Censor-Hillel, Keren and Grandoni, Fabrizio and Ouaknine, Jo\"{e}l and Puppis, Gabriele},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2025.19},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-233969},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ICALP.2025.19},
  annote =	{Keywords: Matching, Submodular, Dynamic, Polylogarithmic}
}
Document
New Direct Sum Tests

Authors: Alek Westover, Edward Yu, and Kai Zhe Zheng

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 325, 16th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2025)


Abstract
A function f:[n]^{d} → 𝔽₂ is a direct sum if there are functions L_i:[n] → 𝔽₂ such that f(x) = ∑_i L_i(x_i). In this work we give multiple results related to the property testing of direct sums. Our first result concerns a test proposed by Dinur and Golubev in [Dinur and Golubev, 2019]. We call their test the Diamond test and show that it is indeed a direct sum tester. More specifically, we show that if a function f is ε-far from being a direct sum function, then the Diamond test rejects f with probability at least Ω_{n,ε}(1). Even in the case of n = 2, the Diamond test is, to the best of our knowledge, novel and yields a new tester for the classic property of affinity. Apart from the Diamond test, we also analyze a broad family of direct sum tests, which at a high level, run an arbitrary affinity test on the restriction of f to a random hypercube inside of [n]^d. This family of tests includes the direct sum test analyzed in [Dinur and Golubev, 2019], but does not include the Diamond test. As an application of our result, we obtain a direct sum test which works in the online adversary model of [Iden Kalemaj et al., 2022]. Finally, we also discuss a Fourier analytic interpretation of the diamond tester in the n = 2 case, as well as prove local correction results for direct sum as conjectured by [Dinur and Golubev, 2019].

Cite as

Alek Westover, Edward Yu, and Kai Zhe Zheng. New Direct Sum Tests. In 16th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 325, pp. 94:1-94:26, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)


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@InProceedings{westover_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2025.94,
  author =	{Westover, Alek and Yu, Edward and Zheng, Kai Zhe},
  title =	{{New Direct Sum Tests}},
  booktitle =	{16th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2025)},
  pages =	{94:1--94:26},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-361-4},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2025},
  volume =	{325},
  editor =	{Meka, Raghu},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2025.94},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-227229},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2025.94},
  annote =	{Keywords: Linearity testing, Direct sum, Grids}
}
Document
False Consensus, Information Theory, and Prediction Markets

Authors: Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 251, 14th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2023)


Abstract
We study a setting where Bayesian agents with a common prior have private information related to an event’s outcome and sequentially make public announcements relating to their information. Our main result shows that when agents' private information is independent conditioning on the event’s outcome whenever agents have similar beliefs about the outcome, their information is aggregated. That is, there is no false consensus. Our main result has a short proof based on a natural information-theoretic framework. A key ingredient of the framework is the equivalence between the sign of the "interaction information" and a super/sub-additive property of the value of people’s information. This provides an intuitive interpretation and an interesting application of the interaction information, which measures the amount of information shared by three random variables. We illustrate the power of this information-theoretic framework by reproving two additional results within it: 1) that agents quickly agree when announcing (summaries of) beliefs in round-robin fashion [Aaronson 2005], and 2) results from [Chen et al 2010] on when prediction market agents should release information to maximize their payment. We also interpret the information-theoretic framework and the above results in prediction markets by proving that the expected reward of revealing information is the conditional mutual information of the information revealed.

Cite as

Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck. False Consensus, Information Theory, and Prediction Markets. In 14th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2023). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 251, pp. 81:1-81:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2023)


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@InProceedings{kong_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2023.81,
  author =	{Kong, Yuqing and Schoenebeck, Grant},
  title =	{{False Consensus, Information Theory, and Prediction Markets}},
  booktitle =	{14th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2023)},
  pages =	{81:1--81:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-263-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2023},
  volume =	{251},
  editor =	{Tauman Kalai, Yael},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2023.81},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-175844},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2023.81},
  annote =	{Keywords: Agreeing to disagree, false consensus, information theory, prediction market}
}
Document
Learning and Strongly Truthful Multi-Task Peer Prediction: A Variational Approach

Authors: Grant Schoenebeck and Fang-Yi Yu

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 185, 12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021)


Abstract
Peer prediction mechanisms incentivize agents to truthfully report their signals even in the absence of verification by comparing agents' reports with those of their peers. In the detail-free multi-task setting, agents are asked to respond to multiple independent and identically distributed tasks, and the mechanism does not know the prior distribution of agents' signals. The goal is to provide an ε-strongly truthful mechanism where truth-telling rewards agents "strictly" more than any other strategy profile (with ε additive error) even for heterogeneous agents, and to do so while requiring as few tasks as possible. We design a family of mechanisms with a scoring function that maps a pair of reports to a score. The mechanism is strongly truthful if the scoring function is "prior ideal". Moreover, the mechanism is ε-strongly truthful as long as the scoring function used is sufficiently close to the ideal scoring function. This reduces the above mechanism design problem to a learning problem - specifically learning an ideal scoring function. Because learning the prior distribution is sufficient (but not necessary) to learn the scoring function, we can apply standard learning theory techniques that leverage side information about the prior (e.g., that it is close to some parametric model). Furthermore, we derive a variational representation of an ideal scoring function and reduce the learning problem into an empirical risk minimization. We leverage this reduction to obtain very general results for peer prediction in the multi-task setting. Specifically, - Sample Complexity: We show how to derive good bounds on the number of tasks required for different types of priors-in some cases exponentially improving previous results. In particular, we can upper bound the required number of tasks for parametric models with bounded learning complexity. Furthermore, our reduction applies to myriad continuous signal space settings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first peer-prediction mechanism on continuous signals designed for the multi-task setting. - Connection to Machine Learning: We show how to turn a soft-predictor of an agent’s signals (given the other agents' signals) into a mechanism. This allows the practical use of machine learning algorithms that give good results even when many agents provide noisy information. - Stronger Properties: In the finite setting, we obtain ε-strongly truthful mechanisms for any stochastically relevant prior. Prior works either only apply to more restrictive settings, or achieve a weaker notion of truthfulness (informed truthfulness).

Cite as

Grant Schoenebeck and Fang-Yi Yu. Learning and Strongly Truthful Multi-Task Peer Prediction: A Variational Approach. In 12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 185, pp. 78:1-78:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{schoenebeck_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.78,
  author =	{Schoenebeck, Grant and Yu, Fang-Yi},
  title =	{{Learning and Strongly Truthful Multi-Task Peer Prediction: A Variational Approach}},
  booktitle =	{12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021)},
  pages =	{78:1--78:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-177-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{185},
  editor =	{Lee, James R.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.78},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-136177},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.78},
  annote =	{Keywords: Information elicitation without verification, crowdsourcing, machine learning}
}
Document
Relaxing Common Belief for Social Networks

Authors: Noah Burrell and Grant Schoenebeck

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 185, 12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021)


Abstract
We propose a relaxation of common belief called factional belief that is suitable for the analysis of strategic coordination on social networks. We show how this definition can be used to analyze revolt games on general graphs, including by giving an efficient algorithm that characterizes a structural result about the possible equilibria of such games. This extends prior work on common knowledge and common belief, which has been too restrictive for use in understanding strategic coordination and cooperation in social network settings.

Cite as

Noah Burrell and Grant Schoenebeck. Relaxing Common Belief for Social Networks. In 12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 185, pp. 45:1-45:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2021)


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@InProceedings{burrell_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.45,
  author =	{Burrell, Noah and Schoenebeck, Grant},
  title =	{{Relaxing Common Belief for Social Networks}},
  booktitle =	{12th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2021)},
  pages =	{45:1--45:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-177-1},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2021},
  volume =	{185},
  editor =	{Lee, James R.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.45},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-135841},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2021.45},
  annote =	{Keywords: Social networks, network revolt games, common belief}
}
Document
RANDOM
Think Globally, Act Locally: On the Optimal Seeding for Nonsubmodular Influence Maximization

Authors: Grant Schoenebeck, Biaoshuai Tao, and Fang-Yi Yu

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 145, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2019)


Abstract
We study the r-complex contagion influence maximization problem. In the influence maximization problem, one chooses a fixed number of initial seeds in a social network to maximize the spread of their influence. In the r-complex contagion model, each uninfected vertex in the network becomes infected if it has at least r infected neighbors. In this paper, we focus on a random graph model named the stochastic hierarchical blockmodel, which is a special case of the well-studied stochastic blockmodel. When the graph is not exceptionally sparse, in particular, when each edge appears with probability omega (n^{-(1+1/r)}), under certain mild assumptions, we prove that the optimal seeding strategy is to put all the seeds in a single community. This matches the intuition that in a nonsubmodular cascade model placing seeds near each other creates synergy. However, it sharply contrasts with the intuition for submodular cascade models (e.g., the independent cascade model and the linear threshold model) in which nearby seeds tend to erode each others' effects. Finally, we show that this observation yields a polynomial time dynamic programming algorithm which outputs optimal seeds if each edge appears with a probability either in omega (n^{-(1+1/r)}) or in o (n^{-2}).

Cite as

Grant Schoenebeck, Biaoshuai Tao, and Fang-Yi Yu. Think Globally, Act Locally: On the Optimal Seeding for Nonsubmodular Influence Maximization. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2019). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 145, pp. 39:1-39:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2019)


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@InProceedings{schoenebeck_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2019.39,
  author =	{Schoenebeck, Grant and Tao, Biaoshuai and Yu, Fang-Yi},
  title =	{{Think Globally, Act Locally: On the Optimal Seeding for Nonsubmodular Influence Maximization}},
  booktitle =	{Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2019)},
  pages =	{39:1--39:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-125-2},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2019},
  volume =	{145},
  editor =	{Achlioptas, Dimitris and V\'{e}gh, L\'{a}szl\'{o} A.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2019.39},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-112542},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX-RANDOM.2019.39},
  annote =	{Keywords: Nonsubmodular Influence Maximization, Bootstrap Percolation, Stochastic Blockmodel}
}
Document
Equilibrium Selection in Information Elicitation without Verification via Information Monotonicity

Authors: Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 94, 9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018)


Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new mechanism - the Disagreement Mechanism - which elicits privately-held, non-variable information from self-interested agents in the single question (peer-prediction) setting. To the best of our knowledge, our Disagreement Mechanism is the first strictly truthful mechanism in the single-question setting that is simultaneously: - Detail-Free: does not need to know the common prior; - Focal: truth-telling pays strictly higher than any other symmetric equilibria excluding some unnatural permutation equilibria; - Small group: the properties of the mechanism hold even for a small number of agents, even in binary signal setting. Our mechanism only asks each agent her signal as well as a forecast of the other agents' signals. Additionally, we show that the focal result is both tight and robust, and we extend it to the case of asymmetric equilibria when the number of agents is sufficiently large.

Cite as

Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck. Equilibrium Selection in Information Elicitation without Verification via Information Monotonicity. In 9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 94, pp. 13:1-13:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{kong_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.13,
  author =	{Kong, Yuqing and Schoenebeck, Grant},
  title =	{{Equilibrium Selection in Information Elicitation without Verification via Information Monotonicity}},
  booktitle =	{9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018)},
  pages =	{13:1--13:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-060-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{94},
  editor =	{Karlin, Anna R.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.13},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-83174},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.13},
  annote =	{Keywords: peer prediction, equilibrium selection, information theory}
}
Document
Optimizing Bayesian Information Revelation Strategy in Prediction Markets: the Alice Bob Alice Case

Authors: Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 94, 9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018)


Abstract
Prediction markets provide a unique and compelling way to sell and aggregate information, yet a good understanding of optimal strategies for agents participating in such markets remains elusive. To model this complex setting, prior work proposes a three stages game called the Alice Bob Alice (A-B-A) game - Alice participates in the market first, then Bob joins, and then Alice has a chance to participate again. While prior work has made progress in classifying the optimal strategy for certain interesting edge cases, it remained an open question to calculate Alice's best strategy in the A-B-A game for a general information structure. In this paper, we analyze the A-B-A game for a general information structure and (1) show a "revelation-principle" style result: it is enough for Alice to use her private signal space as her announced signal space, that is, Alice cannot gain more by revealing her information more "finely"; (2) provide a FPTAS to compute the optimal information revelation strategy with additive error when Alice's information is a signal from a constant-sized set; (3) show that sometimes it is better for Alice to reveal partial information in the first stage even if Alice's information is a single binary bit.

Cite as

Yuqing Kong and Grant Schoenebeck. Optimizing Bayesian Information Revelation Strategy in Prediction Markets: the Alice Bob Alice Case. In 9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 94, pp. 14:1-14:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2018)


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@InProceedings{kong_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.14,
  author =	{Kong, Yuqing and Schoenebeck, Grant},
  title =	{{Optimizing Bayesian Information Revelation Strategy in Prediction Markets: the Alice Bob Alice Case}},
  booktitle =	{9th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2018)},
  pages =	{14:1--14:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-060-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2018},
  volume =	{94},
  editor =	{Karlin, Anna R.},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.14},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-83191},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2018.14},
  annote =	{Keywords: prediction market, information revelation, optimization}
}
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