Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 364, 43rd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2026)
Daniël Paulusma, Johannes Rauch, and Erik Jan van Leeuwen. Colouring Probe H-Free Graphs. In 43rd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 364, pp. 73:1-73:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)
@InProceedings{paulusma_et_al:LIPIcs.STACS.2026.73,
author = {Paulusma, Dani\"{e}l and Rauch, Johannes and van Leeuwen, Erik Jan},
title = {{Colouring Probe H-Free Graphs}},
booktitle = {43rd International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2026)},
pages = {73:1--73:20},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-412-3},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2026},
volume = {364},
editor = {Mahajan, Meena and Manea, Florin and McIver, Annabelle and Thắng, Nguy\~{ê}n Kim},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2026.73},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-255621},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.STACS.2026.73},
annote = {Keywords: colouring, probe graph, forbidden induced subgraph, complexity dichotomy}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 362, 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)
Edith Cohen, Moshe Shechner, and Uri Stemmer. A Simple and Robust Protocol for Distributed Counting. In 17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 362, pp. 40:1-40:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2026)
@InProceedings{cohen_et_al:LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.40,
author = {Cohen, Edith and Shechner, Moshe and Stemmer, Uri},
title = {{A Simple and Robust Protocol for Distributed Counting}},
booktitle = {17th Innovations in Theoretical Computer Science Conference (ITCS 2026)},
pages = {40:1--40:24},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-410-9},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2026},
volume = {362},
editor = {Saraf, Shubhangi},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.40},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-253272},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.ITCS.2026.40},
annote = {Keywords: Distributed Streaming, Adversarial Streaming}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 361, 29th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems (OPODIS 2025)
Alireza Kavousi, Duc V. Le, Philipp Jovanovic, and George Danezis. BlindPerm: Efficient MEV Mitigation with an Encrypted Mempool and Permutation. In 29th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems (OPODIS 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 361, pp. 36:1-36:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{kavousi_et_al:LIPIcs.OPODIS.2025.36,
author = {Kavousi, Alireza and Le, Duc V. and Jovanovic, Philipp and Danezis, George},
title = {{BlindPerm: Efficient MEV Mitigation with an Encrypted Mempool and Permutation}},
booktitle = {29th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems (OPODIS 2025)},
pages = {36:1--36:21},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-409-3},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2026},
volume = {361},
editor = {Arusoaie, Andrei and Onica, Emanuel and Spear, Michael and Tucci-Piergiovanni, Sara},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.OPODIS.2025.36},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-252091},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.OPODIS.2025.36},
annote = {Keywords: Encrypted mempool, maximal extractable value, distributed systems}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 359, 36th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2025)
Soh Kumabe. Quadratic Kernel for Cliques or Trees Vertex Deletion. In 36th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 359, pp. 48:1-48:15, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{kumabe:LIPIcs.ISAAC.2025.48,
author = {Kumabe, Soh},
title = {{Quadratic Kernel for Cliques or Trees Vertex Deletion}},
booktitle = {36th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2025)},
pages = {48:1--48:15},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-408-6},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {359},
editor = {Chen, Ho-Lin and Hon, Wing-Kai and Tsai, Meng-Tsung},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2025.48},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-249568},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.ISAAC.2025.48},
annote = {Keywords: Fixed-Parameter Tractability, Kernelization, Deletion to Scattered Graph Classes, Cluster Vertex Deletion, Feedback Vertex Set}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 357, 33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025)
Lucas Joos, Gavin J. Mooney, Maximilian T. Fischer, Daniel A. Keim, Falk Schreiber, Helen C. Purchase, and Karsten Klein. Show Me Your Best Side: Characteristics of User-Preferred Perspectives for 3D Graph Drawings. In 33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 357, pp. 37:1-37:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{joos_et_al:LIPIcs.GD.2025.37,
author = {Joos, Lucas and Mooney, Gavin J. and Fischer, Maximilian T. and Keim, Daniel A. and Schreiber, Falk and Purchase, Helen C. and Klein, Karsten},
title = {{Show Me Your Best Side: Characteristics of User-Preferred Perspectives for 3D Graph Drawings}},
booktitle = {33rd International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2025)},
pages = {37:1--37:19},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-403-1},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {357},
editor = {Dujmovi\'{c}, Vida and Montecchiani, Fabrizio},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2025.37},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-250236},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.GD.2025.37},
annote = {Keywords: Graph Aesthetics, Immersive 3D, Node-Link Diagrams, Empirical Evaluation}
}
Published in: OASIcs, Volume 136, 36th International Conference on Principles of Diagnosis and Resilient Systems (DX 2025)
Kélian Poujade, Louise Travé-Massuyès, Jérémy Pirard, and Laure Vieillevigne. Unsupervised Multimodal Learning for Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis - Application to Radiotherapy Systems (PhD Panel). In 36th International Conference on Principles of Diagnosis and Resilient Systems (DX 2025). Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), Volume 136, pp. 16:1-16:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{poujade_et_al:OASIcs.DX.2025.16,
author = {Poujade, K\'{e}lian and Trav\'{e}-Massuy\`{e}s, Louise and Pirard, J\'{e}r\'{e}my and Vieillevigne, Laure},
title = {{Unsupervised Multimodal Learning for Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis - Application to Radiotherapy Systems}},
booktitle = {36th International Conference on Principles of Diagnosis and Resilient Systems (DX 2025)},
pages = {16:1--16:17},
series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-394-2},
ISSN = {2190-6807},
year = {2025},
volume = {136},
editor = {Quinones-Grueiro, Marcos and Biswas, Gautam and Pill, Ingo},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/OASIcs.DX.2025.16},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-248058},
doi = {10.4230/OASIcs.DX.2025.16},
annote = {Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Radiotherapy machines}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 356, 39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2025)
Corinna Coupette, Alipasha Montaseri, and Christoph Lenzen. Model-Agnostic Approximation of Constrained Forest Problems. In 39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 356, pp. 25:1-25:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{coupette_et_al:LIPIcs.DISC.2025.25,
author = {Coupette, Corinna and Montaseri, Alipasha and Lenzen, Christoph},
title = {{Model-Agnostic Approximation of Constrained Forest Problems}},
booktitle = {39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2025)},
pages = {25:1--25:24},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-402-4},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {356},
editor = {Kowalski, Dariusz R.},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.25},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-248420},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.25},
annote = {Keywords: Distributed Graph Algorithms, Model-Agnostic Algorithms, Steiner Forest}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)
Bruno Llacer Trotti, Weizhao Tang, Rachid El-Azouzi, Giulia Fanti, and Daniel Sadoc Menasché. Strategic Analysis of Just-In-Time Liquidity Provision in Concentrated Liquidity Market Makers. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 8:1-8:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{llacertrotti_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.8,
author = {Llacer Trotti, Bruno and Tang, Weizhao and El-Azouzi, Rachid and Fanti, Giulia and Menasch\'{e}, Daniel Sadoc},
title = {{Strategic Analysis of Just-In-Time Liquidity Provision in Concentrated Liquidity Market Makers}},
booktitle = {7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
pages = {8:1--8:22},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-400-0},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {354},
editor = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.8},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247278},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.8},
annote = {Keywords: Concentrated Liquidity Market Makers, Uniswap, Just-in-Time}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)
T-H. Hubert Chan, Ke Wu, and Elaine Shi. Mechanism Design for Automated Market Makers. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 7:1-7:22, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{chan_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.7,
author = {Chan, T-H. Hubert and Wu, Ke and Shi, Elaine},
title = {{Mechanism Design for Automated Market Makers}},
booktitle = {7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
pages = {7:1--7:22},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-400-0},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {354},
editor = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.7},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247265},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.7},
annote = {Keywords: Mechanism design, game theory, strategy proof, blockchain}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)
Oriol Saguillo, Vahid Ghafouri, Lucianna Kiffer, and Guillermo Suarez-Tangil. Unravelling the Probabilistic Forest: Arbitrage in Prediction Markets. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 27:1-27:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{saguillo_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.27,
author = {Saguillo, Oriol and Ghafouri, Vahid and Kiffer, Lucianna and Suarez-Tangil, Guillermo},
title = {{Unravelling the Probabilistic Forest: Arbitrage in Prediction Markets}},
booktitle = {7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
pages = {27:1--27:24},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-400-0},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {354},
editor = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.27},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247468},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.27},
annote = {Keywords: Prediction Markets, Maximal Extractable Value, Large Language Models}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)
Ozan Solmaz, Lioba Heimbach, Yann Vonlanthen, and Roger Wattenhofer. Optimistic MEV in Ethereum Layer 2s: Why Blockspace Is Always in Demand. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 28:1-28:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{solmaz_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.28,
author = {Solmaz, Ozan and Heimbach, Lioba and Vonlanthen, Yann and Wattenhofer, Roger},
title = {{Optimistic MEV in Ethereum Layer 2s: Why Blockspace Is Always in Demand}},
booktitle = {7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
pages = {28:1--28:24},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-400-0},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {354},
editor = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.28},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247479},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.28},
annote = {Keywords: blockchain, MEV, Layer 2, Ethereum}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 354, 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)
Fei Wu, Danning Sui, Thomas Thiery, and Mallesh Pai. Measuring CEX-DEX Extracted Value and Searcher Profitability: The Darkest of the MEV Dark Forest. In 7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 354, pp. 26:1-26:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{wu_et_al:LIPIcs.AFT.2025.26,
author = {Wu, Fei and Sui, Danning and Thiery, Thomas and Pai, Mallesh},
title = {{Measuring CEX-DEX Extracted Value and Searcher Profitability: The Darkest of the MEV Dark Forest}},
booktitle = {7th Conference on Advances in Financial Technologies (AFT 2025)},
pages = {26:1--26:23},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-400-0},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {354},
editor = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Christin, Nicolas},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.26},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-247450},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.AFT.2025.26},
annote = {Keywords: Decentralized Finance, Maximal Extractable Value, CEX-DEX arbitrages}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 351, 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)
Yotam Kenneth-Mordoch and Robert Krauthgamer. Cut-Query Algorithms with Few Rounds. In 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 351, pp. 100:1-100:14, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{kennethmordoch_et_al:LIPIcs.ESA.2025.100,
author = {Kenneth-Mordoch, Yotam and Krauthgamer, Robert},
title = {{Cut-Query Algorithms with Few Rounds}},
booktitle = {33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)},
pages = {100:1--100:14},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-395-9},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {351},
editor = {Benoit, Anne and Kaplan, Haim and Wild, Sebastian and Herman, Grzegorz},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.100},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-245692},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.100},
annote = {Keywords: Cut Queries, Round Complexity, Submodular Optimization}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 351, 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)
Jannik Olbrich. Fast and Memory-Efficient BWT Construction of Repetitive Texts Using Lyndon Grammars. In 33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 351, pp. 60:1-60:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{olbrich:LIPIcs.ESA.2025.60,
author = {Olbrich, Jannik},
title = {{Fast and Memory-Efficient BWT Construction of Repetitive Texts Using Lyndon Grammars}},
booktitle = {33rd Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2025)},
pages = {60:1--60:19},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-395-9},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {351},
editor = {Benoit, Anne and Kaplan, Haim and Wild, Sebastian and Herman, Grzegorz},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.60},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-245286},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2025.60},
annote = {Keywords: Burrows-Wheeler Transform, Grammar compression}
}
Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 353, Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025)
Chandra Chekuri, Rhea Jain, Sepideh Mahabadi, and Ali Vakilian. Streaming Algorithms for Network Design. In Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 353, pp. 4:1-4:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2025)
@InProceedings{chekuri_et_al:LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.4,
author = {Chekuri, Chandra and Jain, Rhea and Mahabadi, Sepideh and Vakilian, Ali},
title = {{Streaming Algorithms for Network Design}},
booktitle = {Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques (APPROX/RANDOM 2025)},
pages = {4:1--4:23},
series = {Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
ISBN = {978-3-95977-397-3},
ISSN = {1868-8969},
year = {2025},
volume = {353},
editor = {Ene, Alina and Chattopadhyay, Eshan},
publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
address = {Dagstuhl, Germany},
URL = {https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.4},
URN = {urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-243709},
doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.APPROX/RANDOM.2025.4},
annote = {Keywords: Streaming Algorithms, Survivable Network Design, Fault-Tolerant Spanners}
}