40 Search Results for "Adams, Benjamin"

Volume

LIPIcs, Volume 315

16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

COSIT 2024, September 17-20, 2024, Québec City, Canada

Editors: Benjamin Adams, Amy L. Griffin, Simon Scheider, and Grant McKenzie

Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2024.33
Compiling with Arrays

Authors: David Richter, Timon Böhler, Pascal Weisenburger, and Mira Mezini

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 313, 38th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2024)

Abstract
Linear algebra computations are foundational for neural networks and machine learning, often handled through arrays. While many functional programming languages feature lists and recursion, arrays in linear algebra demand constant-time access and bulk operations. To bridge this gap, some languages represent arrays as (eager) functions instead of lists. In this paper, we connect this idea to a formal logical foundation by interpreting functions as the usual negative types from polarized type theory, and arrays as the corresponding dual positive version of the function type. Positive types are defined to have a single elimination form whose computational interpretation is pattern matching. Just like (positive) product types bind two variables during pattern matching, (positive) array types bind variables with multiplicity during pattern matching. We follow a similar approach for Booleans by introducing conditionally-defined variables. The positive formulation for the array type enables us to combine typed partial evaluation and common subexpression elimination into an elegant algorithm whose result enjoys a property we call maximal fission, which we argue can be beneficial for further optimizations. For this purpose, we present the novel intermediate representation indexed administrative normal form (A_{i}NF), which relies on the formal logical foundation of the positive formulation for the array type to facilitate maximal loop fission and subsequent optimizations. A_{i}NF is normal with regard to commuting conversion for both let-bindings and for-loops, leading to flat and maximally fissioned terms. We mechanize the translation and normalization from a simple surface language to A_{i}NF, establishing that the process terminates, preserves types, and produces maximally fissioned terms.
Cite as

David Richter, Timon Böhler, Pascal Weisenburger, and Mira Mezini. Compiling with Arrays. In 38th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 313, pp. 33:1-33:24, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{richter_et_al:LIPIcs.ECOOP.2024.33,
  author =	{Richter, David and B\"{o}hler, Timon and Weisenburger, Pascal and Mezini, Mira},
  title =	{{Compiling with Arrays}},
  booktitle =	{38th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2024)},
  pages =	{33:1--33:24},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-341-6},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{313},
  editor =	{Aldrich, Jonathan and Salvaneschi, Guido},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2024.33},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208823},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.ECOOP.2024.33},
  annote =	{Keywords: array languages, functional programming, domain-specific languages, normalization by evaluation, common subexpression elimination, polarity, positive function type, intrinsic types}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.21
An Ontology and Geospatial Knowledge Graph for Reasoning About Cascading Failures (Short Paper)

Authors: Torsten Hahmann and David K. Kedrowski

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
During a natural disaster such as flooding, the failure of a single asset in the complex and interconnected web of critical urban infrastructure can trigger a cascade of failures within and across multiple systems with potentially life-threatening consequences. To help emergency management effectively and efficiently assess such failures, we design the Utility Connection Ontology Design Pattern to represent utility services and model connections within and across those services. The pattern is encoded as an OWL ontology and instantiated with utility data in a geospatial knowledge graph. We demonstrate how it facilitates reasoning to identify cascading service failures due to flooding for producing maps and other summaries for situational awareness.
Cite as

Torsten Hahmann and David K. Kedrowski. An Ontology and Geospatial Knowledge Graph for Reasoning About Cascading Failures (Short Paper). In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 21:1-21:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{hahmann_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.21,
  author =	{Hahmann, Torsten and Kedrowski, David K.},
  title =	{{An Ontology and Geospatial Knowledge Graph for Reasoning About Cascading Failures}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{21:1--21:9},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.21},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208364},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.21},
  annote =	{Keywords: knowledge graph, ontology, OWL, spatial reasoning, cascading failures, urban infrastructure}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.5
Spatial Nudging: Converging Persuasive Technologies, Spatial Design, and Behavioral Theories

Authors: Ayda Grisiute and Martin Raubal

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
This paper presents the Spatial Nudging framework - a theory-based framework that maps out nudging strategies in the mobility domain and refines its existing definitions. We link these strategies by highlighting the role of perceived affordances across physical and digital interventions based on the Nudge Theory and the Theory of Affordances. Furthermore, we propose to use graph representation techniques as a supportive methodology to better align perceived and actual environments, thereby enhancing the intervention strategies' effectiveness. We illustrate the applicability of the Spatial Nudging framework and the supportive methodology in the context of an E-bike City vision. This paper lays the foundation for future research on theoretically integrating physical and digital interventions to promote sustainable mobility.
Cite as

Ayda Grisiute and Martin Raubal. Spatial Nudging: Converging Persuasive Technologies, Spatial Design, and Behavioral Theories. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 5:1-5:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{grisiute_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.5,
  author =	{Grisiute, Ayda and Raubal, Martin},
  title =	{{Spatial Nudging: Converging Persuasive Technologies, Spatial Design, and Behavioral Theories}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{5:1--5:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.5},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208206},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.5},
  annote =	{Keywords: spatial nudging, active mobility, Nudge Theory, Theory of Affordances, cognitive graphs}
}
Document
Short Paper
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.28
Evaluating the Ability of Large Language Models to Reason About Cardinal Directions (Short Paper)

Authors: Anthony G Cohn and Robert E Blackwell

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
We investigate the abilities of a representative set of Large language Models (LLMs) to reason about cardinal directions (CDs). To do so, we create two datasets: the first, co-created with ChatGPT, focuses largely on recall of world knowledge about CDs; the second is generated from a set of templates, comprehensively testing an LLM’s ability to determine the correct CD given a particular scenario. The templates allow for a number of degrees of variation such as means of locomotion of the agent involved, and whether set in the first , second or third person. Even with a temperature setting of zero, Our experiments show that although LLMs are able to perform well in the simpler dataset, in the second more complex dataset no LLM is able to reliably determine the correct CD, even with a temperature setting of zero.
Cite as

Anthony G Cohn and Robert E Blackwell. Evaluating the Ability of Large Language Models to Reason About Cardinal Directions (Short Paper). In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 28:1-28:9, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{cohn_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.28,
  author =	{Cohn, Anthony G and Blackwell, Robert E},
  title =	{{Evaluating the Ability of Large Language Models to Reason About Cardinal Directions}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{28:1--28:9},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.28},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208432},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.28},
  annote =	{Keywords: Large Language Models, Spatial Reasoning, Cardinal Directions}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.7
What Is a Spatio-Temporal Model Good For?: Validity as a Function of Purpose and the Questions Answered by a Model

Authors: Simon Scheider and Judith A. Verstegen

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
The concept of validity is a cornerstone of science. Given this central role, it is somewhat surprising to find that validity remains a rather obscure concept. Unfortunately, the term is often reduced to a matter of ground truth data, seemingly because we fail to come to grips with it. In this paper, instead, we take a purpose-based approach to the validity of spatio-temporal models. We argue that a model application is valid only if the model delivers an answer to a particular spatio-temporal question specifying some experiment including spatio-temporal controls and measures. Such questions constitute the information purposes of models, forming an intermediate layer in a pragmatic knowledge pyramid with corresponding levels of validity. We introduce a corresponding question-based grammar that allows us to formally distinguish among contemporary inference, prediction, retrodiction, projection, and retrojection models. We apply the grammar to corresponding examples and discuss the possibilities for validating such models as a means to a given end.
Cite as

Simon Scheider and Judith A. Verstegen. What Is a Spatio-Temporal Model Good For?: Validity as a Function of Purpose and the Questions Answered by a Model. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 7:1-7:23, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{scheider_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.7,
  author =	{Scheider, Simon and Verstegen, Judith A.},
  title =	{{What Is a Spatio-Temporal Model Good For?: Validity as a Function of Purpose and the Questions Answered by a Model}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{7:1--7:23},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.7},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208225},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.7},
  annote =	{Keywords: validity, fitness-for-purpose, spatio-temporal modeling, pragmatics, question grammar}
}
Document
Complete Volume
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024
LIPIcs, Volume 315, COSIT 2024, Complete Volume

Authors: Benjamin Adams, Amy L. Griffin, Simon Scheider, and Grant McKenzie

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
LIPIcs, Volume 315, COSIT 2024, Complete Volume
Cite as

16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 1-416, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@Proceedings{adams_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024,
  title =	{{LIPIcs, Volume 315, COSIT 2024, Complete Volume}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{1--416},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208148},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024},
  annote =	{Keywords: LIPIcs, Volume 315, COSIT 2024, Complete Volume}
}
Document
Front Matter
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.0
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization

Authors: Benjamin Adams, Amy L. Griffin, Simon Scheider, and Grant McKenzie

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Cite as

16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 0:i-0:xvi, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{adams_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.0,
  author =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  title =	{{Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{0:i--0:xvi},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.0},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208157},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.0},
  annote =	{Keywords: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.1
Wayfinding Stages: The Role of Familiarity, Gaze Events, and Visual Attention

Authors: Negar Alinaghi and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Understanding the cognitive processes involved in wayfinding is crucial for both theoretical advances and practical applications in navigation systems development. This study explores how gaze behavior and visual attention contribute to our understanding of cognitive states during wayfinding. Based on the model proposed by Downs and Stea, which segments wayfinding into four distinct stages: self-localization, route planning, monitoring, and goal recognition, we conducted an outdoor wayfinding experiment with 56 participants. Given the significant role of spatial familiarity in wayfinding behavior, each participant navigated six different routes in both familiar and unfamiliar environments, with their eye movements being recorded. We provide a detailed examination of participants' gaze behavior and the actual objects of focus. Our findings reveal distinct gaze behavior patterns and visual attention, differentiating wayfinding stages while emphasizing the impact of spatial familiarity. This examination of visual engagement during wayfinding explains adaptive cognitive processes, demonstrating how familiarity influences navigation strategies. The results enhance our theoretical understanding of wayfinding and offer practical insights for developing navigation aids capable of predicting different wayfinding stages.
Cite as

Negar Alinaghi and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Wayfinding Stages: The Role of Familiarity, Gaze Events, and Visual Attention. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 1:1-1:21, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{alinaghi_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.1,
  author =	{Alinaghi, Negar and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Wayfinding Stages: The Role of Familiarity, Gaze Events, and Visual Attention}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{1:1--1:21},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.1},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208161},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.1},
  annote =	{Keywords: Eye-tracking, Wayfinding, Spatial Familiarity, Visual Attention, Gaze Behavior}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.2
A Salience-Based Framework for Terrain Modelling: From the Surface Network to Topo-Contexts

Authors: Éric Guilbert and Bernard Moulin

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Twenty years after Mark and Smith’s seminal paper, a Science of Topography, we revisit some of their fundamental questions about how landforms are recognised by people and how they can be automatically extracted or delimited from representations of topographic surfaces. Many approaches and tools, essentially based on GeoOBIA, can extract objects associated with landforms from image data. But, they cannot relate these objects to the topology and topography of the terrain. Yet, geo-scientists can easily recognise landforms, considering terrain characteristics and other factors composing the context of appearance of those landforms. Revisiting Gestalt Theory, we propose a salience-based approach fostering a holistic view of the terrain which fits with the geoscientists' ability to recognise landforms using the topographic and hydrologic contexts. The terrain is represented as an extended surface network (ESN), a graph composed of elementary saliences (peaks, pits, saddles, thalweg and ridge networks) and obtained from raster data. The ESN combines both the surface and the drainage networks in a sound topological representation of the terrain. A skeletonisation technique of the ESN’s thalweg and ridge networks is proposed to geometrically and topologically characterise landforms, as well as ensembles of landforms. On this basis and to represent the context of appearance of landforms, geo/topo-contexts are introduced as structures grounded in the properties of the ESN and using the skeletonisation technique. We give an illustration of how a geomorphologist can apply our approach and tools, using the depressions and drainage basins as examples of useful geo/topo-contexts.
Cite as

Éric Guilbert and Bernard Moulin. A Salience-Based Framework for Terrain Modelling: From the Surface Network to Topo-Contexts. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 2:1-2:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{guilbert_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.2,
  author =	{Guilbert, \'{E}ric and Moulin, Bernard},
  title =	{{A Salience-Based Framework for Terrain Modelling: From the Surface Network to Topo-Contexts}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{2:1--2:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.2},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208177},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.2},
  annote =	{Keywords: DTM, surface network, landform, topographic context, saliences}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.3
Can You Sketch in 3D? Exploring Perceived Feasibility and Use Cases of 3D Sketch Mapping

Authors: Kevin Gonyop Kim, Tiffany C.K. Kwok, Sailin Zhong, Peter Kiefer, and Martin Raubal

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Sketch mapping is a research technique that has been widely used to study what people think about the spatial layout of an environment. One of the limitations of the current practice of sketch mapping is that the interface (a pen on paper or digital tablets) forces people to draw on 2D surfaces even when the information to be represented is 3D. For the purpose of studying the 3D aspect of spatial understanding, the recent advancements in extended reality (XR) technologies including virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality are interesting as they provide novel ways to create 3D sketches. In this paper, we investigate how the concept of 3D sketch mapping using XR is perceived by users and explore its potential feasibility and use cases. For this, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 27 participants from three domains: aviation, architecture, and wayfinding. Our findings show that the concept is well-perceived as an intuitive way to externalize the 3D aspect of spatial information, and it has the potential to be a research tool for human cognition research as well as a practical tool that can provide added value in different professional activities.
Cite as

Kevin Gonyop Kim, Tiffany C.K. Kwok, Sailin Zhong, Peter Kiefer, and Martin Raubal. Can You Sketch in 3D? Exploring Perceived Feasibility and Use Cases of 3D Sketch Mapping. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 3:1-3:17, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{kim_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.3,
  author =	{Kim, Kevin Gonyop and Kwok, Tiffany C.K. and Zhong, Sailin and Kiefer, Peter and Raubal, Martin},
  title =	{{Can You Sketch in 3D? Exploring Perceived Feasibility and Use Cases of 3D Sketch Mapping}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{3:1--3:17},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.3},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208186},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.3},
  annote =	{Keywords: Sketch maps, spatial understanding, 3D sketching, extended reality, use cases, interviews}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.4
Qualitative Formalization of a Curve on a Two-Dimensional Plane

Authors: Kazuko Takahashi

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
We propose a theoretical framework for qualitative spatial representation and reasoning about curves on a two-dimensional plane. We regard a curve as a sequence of segments, each of which has its own direction and convexity, and give a symbolic expression to it. We propose a reasoning method on this symbolic expression; when only a few segments of a curve are visible, we find missing segments by connecting them to create a global smooth continuous curve. In addition, we discuss whether the shape of the created curve can represent that of a real object; if the curve forms a spiral, such a curve is sometimes not appropriate as a border of an object. We show a method that judges the appropriateness of a curve, by considering the orientations of the segments.
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Kazuko Takahashi. Qualitative Formalization of a Curve on a Two-Dimensional Plane. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 4:1-4:19, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{takahashi:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.4,
  author =	{Takahashi, Kazuko},
  title =	{{Qualitative Formalization of a Curve on a Two-Dimensional Plane}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{4:1--4:19},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.4},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208193},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.4},
  annote =	{Keywords: qualitative spatial reasoning, knowledge representation, logical reasoning, shape information}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.6
Is Familiarity Reflected in the Spatial Knowledge Revealed by Sketch Maps?

Authors: Markus Kattenbeck, Daniel R. Montello, Martin Raubal, and Ioannis Giannopoulos

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Despite the frequent use of sketch maps in assessing environmental knowledge, it remains unclear how and to what degree familiarity impacts sketch map content. In the present study, we assess whether different levels of familiarity relate to differences in the content and spatial accuracy of environmental knowledge depicted in sketch maps drawn for the purpose of route instructions. To this end, we conduct a real-world wayfinding study with 91 participants, all of whom have to walk along a pre-defined route of approximately 2.3km length. Prior to the walk, we collect self-report familiarity ratings from participants for both a set of 15 landmarks and a set of areas we define as hexagons along the route. Once participants finished walking the route, they were asked to sketch a map of the route, specifically a sketch that would enable a person who had never walked the route to follow it. We found that participants unfamiliar with the areas along the route sketched fewer features than familiar people did. Contrary to our expectations, however, we found that landmarks were sketched or not regardless of participants' level of familiarity with the landmarks. We were also surprised that the level of familiarity was not correlated to the accuracy of the sketched order of features along the route, of the position of sketched features in relation to the route, nor to the metric locational accuracy of feature placement on the sketches. These results lead us to conclude that different aspects of feature salience influence whether the features are included on sketch maps, independent of familiarity. They also point to the influence of task context on the content of sketch maps, again independent of familiarity. We propose further studies to more fully explore these ideas.
Cite as

Markus Kattenbeck, Daniel R. Montello, Martin Raubal, and Ioannis Giannopoulos. Is Familiarity Reflected in the Spatial Knowledge Revealed by Sketch Maps?. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 6:1-6:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{kattenbeck_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.6,
  author =	{Kattenbeck, Markus and Montello, Daniel R. and Raubal, Martin and Giannopoulos, Ioannis},
  title =	{{Is Familiarity Reflected in the Spatial Knowledge Revealed by Sketch Maps?}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{6:1--6:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.6},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208215},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.6},
  annote =	{Keywords: Familiarity, Spatial Knowledge, Sketch Maps}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.8
Scalable Harmonious Simplification of Isolines

Authors: Steven van den Broek, Wouter Meulemans, Andreas Reimer, and Bettina Speckmann

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Isolines visually characterize scalar fields by connecting all points of the same value by a closed curve at repeated intervals. They work only as a set which gives the viewer an indication of the shape of the underlying field. Hence, when simplifying isolines it is important that the correspondence - the harmony - between adjacent isolines is preserved whenever it is present. The majority of state-of-the-art simplification methods treat isolines independently; at best they avoid collisions between adjacent simplified isolines. A notable exception is the work by Van Goethem et al. (2021) who were the first to introduce the concept of harmony between adjacent isolines explicitly as an algorithmic design principle. They presented a proof-of-concept algorithm that harmoniously simplifies a sequence of polylines. However, the sets of isolines of scalar fields, most notably terrain, consist of closed curves which are nested in arbitrarily complex ways and not of an ordered sequence of polylines. In this paper we significantly extend the work by Van Goethem et al. (2021) to capture harmony in general sets of isolines. Our new simplification algorithm can handle sets of isolines describing arbitrary scalar fields and is more efficient, allowing us to harmoniously simplify terrain with hundreds of thousands of vertices. We experimentally compare our method to the results of Van Goethem et al. (2021) on bundles of isolines and to general simplification methods on isolines extracted from DEMs of Antartica. Our results indicate that our method efficiently preserves the harmony in the simplified maps, which are thereby less noisy, cartographically more meaningful, and easier to read.
Cite as

Steven van den Broek, Wouter Meulemans, Andreas Reimer, and Bettina Speckmann. Scalable Harmonious Simplification of Isolines. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 8:1-8:20, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{vandenbroek_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.8,
  author =	{van den Broek, Steven and Meulemans, Wouter and Reimer, Andreas and Speckmann, Bettina},
  title =	{{Scalable Harmonious Simplification of Isolines}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{8:1--8:20},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.8},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208230},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.8},
  annote =	{Keywords: Simplification, isolines, harmony}
}
Document
DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.9
Probing the Information Theoretical Roots of Spatial Dependence Measures

Authors: Zhangyu Wang, Krzysztof Janowicz, Gengchen Mai, and Ivan Majic

Published in: LIPIcs, Volume 315, 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)

Abstract
Intuitively, there is a relation between measures of spatial dependence and information theoretical measures of entropy. For instance, we can provide an intuition of why spatial data is special by stating that, on average, spatial data samples contain less than expected information. Similarly, spatial data, e.g., remotely sensed imagery, that is easy to compress is also likely to show significant spatial autocorrelation. Formulating our (highly specific) core concepts of spatial information theory in the widely used language of information theory opens new perspectives on their differences and similarities and also fosters cross-disciplinary collaboration, e.g., with the broader AI/ML communities. Interestingly, however, this intuitive relation is challenging to formalize and generalize, leading prior work to rely mostly on experimental results, e.g., for describing landscape patterns. In this work, we will explore the information theoretical roots of spatial autocorrelation, more specifically Moran’s I, through the lens of self-information (also known as surprisal) and provide both formal proofs and experiments.
Cite as

Zhangyu Wang, Krzysztof Janowicz, Gengchen Mai, and Ivan Majic. Probing the Information Theoretical Roots of Spatial Dependence Measures. In 16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024). Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs), Volume 315, pp. 9:1-9:18, Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik (2024)

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@InProceedings{wang_et_al:LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.9,
  author =	{Wang, Zhangyu and Janowicz, Krzysztof and Mai, Gengchen and Majic, Ivan},
  title =	{{Probing the Information Theoretical Roots of Spatial Dependence Measures}},
  booktitle =	{16th International Conference on Spatial Information Theory (COSIT 2024)},
  pages =	{9:1--9:18},
  series =	{Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)},
  ISBN =	{978-3-95977-330-0},
  ISSN =	{1868-8969},
  year =	{2024},
  volume =	{315},
  editor =	{Adams, Benjamin and Griffin, Amy L. and Scheider, Simon and McKenzie, Grant},
  publisher =	{Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik},
  address =	{Dagstuhl, Germany},
  URL =		{https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.9},
  URN =		{urn:nbn:de:0030-drops-208247},
  doi =		{10.4230/LIPIcs.COSIT.2024.9},
  annote =	{Keywords: Spatial Autocorrelation, Moran’s I, Information Theory, Surprisal, Self-Information}
}
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